Practice Test A

VET124 Pharmacology: Dose Calculation Practice Test A

Overview

• This document contains dose calculation exercises relevant to veterinary pharmacology, with emphasis on converting units and calculating dosages based on animal weights.

Exercise Instructions

• Students are to solve the problems by writing their answers where instructed.
• Show calculations in the space provided for full credit.
• Each question is worth 5 points.

Dose Calculations

Basic Conversions

1. Convert milligrams to micrograms:

   • Problem: 0.673 mg to mcg
   • Answer: 0.673 mg = 673 mcg (no rounding required)

2. Convert grams to another unit measure:

   • Problem: 60 g to the unit # (pounds)
   • Answer: 60 g = 0.1323 lbs (no rounding required)

3. Convert ounces to milliliters:

   • Problem: 2.3 oz to mL
   • Answer Calculation Required; Conversion factor: 1 oz = 29.5735 mL.
   • Result: 2.3 oz = $(2.3 imes 29.5735) = 68.65805 ext{ mL} o 68.7 ext{ mL (to nearest tenth)}$

Medication Dosage Calculations

4. Captopril for a dog:

   • Dose: 2 mg/kg TID (Three times a day)
   • Dog weight: 55 lbs (which is approximately 24.95 kg, calculated as $(55 ext{ lbs} ÷ 2.20462 = 24.95 ext{ kg})$)
   • Total dose per day: 2 mg/kg × 24.95 kg = 49.9 mg/day.
   • Each tablet = 100 mg, thus tablets per dosage: 1 tablet required TID for 2 weeks = 3 doses × 14 days = 42 tablets.

5. Griseofulvin dosage:

   • Ordered: Griseofulvin 500 mg PO BID (twice daily) for 3 weeks.
   • Total tablets per dose: 1 tablet per dose given tablets are 500 mg each.

6. Cimetidine for a 72# dog:

   • Dosage: 4 mg/kg QID. Dog weight in kg: 72 lbs is approximately 32.66 kg.
   • Total dose: 4 mg/kg × 32.66 kg = 130.64 mg/day
   • Concentration: 300 mg/5 mL
   • Dosage in mL: $rac{130.64 ext{ mg}}{300 ext{ mg/5 mL}} = 2.176 mL/day$ rounded to 2.2 mL per day.

7. Clindamycin for a 14# cat:

   • Dosage: 7 mg/kg PO BID
   • Converting weight: 14 lbs to kg: 14/2.20462 = 6.35 kg
   • Dosage in mg: 7 mg/kg × 6.35kg = 44.45 mg per dose.
   • Calculation using concentration of 25 mg/mL gives $rac{44.45 ext{ mg}}{25 ext{ mg/mL}} = 1.778 ext{ mL per dose} o 1.8 ext{ mL rounded to the nearest tenth}$.

8. Acetylcysteine for a 12# cat:

   • Dosage: 150 mg/kg
   • Weight in kg: 12 lbs = 5.44 kg.
   • Required dose: 150 mg/kg x 5.44 kg = 816 mg per dose.
   • Dosage form not stated; assume concentration is needed for further calculation.

9. Preparation of formaldehyde solution:

   • Required: 500 mL of 5% formaldehyde solution.
   • Volume to dilute: $(0.05 imes 500 mL) = 25 ext{ mL formaldehyde}$.
   • Preparation requires further specifications on the concentration for dilution purposes.

10. Diphenhydramine for a dog:

    • Dosage: 2 mg/lb for a dog weighing 24 kg
    • Each dose: 2 mg x 24 kg = 48 mg per dose.
    • Concentration 50 mg/mL gives $rac{48 mg}{50 mg/mL} = 0.96 ext{ mL} o 1.0 ext{mL rounded to nearest tenth}$.

11. Tobramycin for a llama:

    • Dosage: 1.7 mg/kg TID
    • Llama weight: 325 lbs = 147.42 kg
    • Total dose per administration = 1.7 mg × 147.42 kg = 250.61 mg per dose, rounded to nearest mL based on concentration is required.

12. Xylazine for a rabbit:

    • Dosage: 5 mg/kg.
    • Weight: 6 lbs = 2.72 kg.
    • Required dose = 5 mg × 2.72 kg = 13.6 mg per dose.
    • Calculation for mL based on concentration: $rac{13.6}{100} = 0.136 ext{ mL} o 0.1 ext{ mL rounded to nearest tenth}$.

13. Butorphanol for a ferret:

    • Dosage: 0.1 mg/kg for a ferret weighing 5.4 lbs = 2.45 kg.
    • Total dose: 0.1 mg × 2.45 kg = 0.245 mg; calculate mL with concentration needed to provide full answer.

14. Potassium Chloride IV fluids for a 43# dog:

    • Potassium chloride concentration of 20 mEq/L. Maximum 0.5 mEq/kg/hr based on dog’s weight (43 lbs = 19.5 kg).
    • Maximum potassium chloride: 19.5 kg × 0.5 mEq/kg = 9.75 mEq/hr; thus, to convert liters of fluid based on concentration is needed to further calculate mL.

15. Oxytocin for a 500# sow:

    • Dosage: 40 units IM, concentration is 20 units/mL.
    • Volume: $rac{40 ext{ units}}{20 ext{ units/mL}} = 2 ext{ mL}$.

16. Aspirin for a 71.5# dog:

    • Dosage: 25 mg/kg BID.
    • Dog weight conversion: 71.5 lbs to kg: 32.4 kg.
    • Total dose per administration: 32.4 kg × 25 mg = 810 mg per dose; dosages and tablet formulations must be confirmed for calculations.

Formalin Volume Calculation

17. Formalin in a 19% v/v solution:
    • Volume = $0.19 imes 300 = 57 ext{ mL formalin}$.

Concentration Calculations

18. Concentration of new solution:

    • Problem: 2.3 g of solute in 300 mL of water.
    • Concentration: $rac{2.3 ext{ g}}{300 ext{ mL}} = 0.00767 ext{ g/mL}$.

19. Volume of new solution at a 1:15 dilution:

    • Problem: 150 mL stock solution.
    • Total solution = 150 mL × 15 = 2250 mL total final volume.

20. Triamcinolone dosage for an 8.3# dog:

    • Dosage: 0.2 mg/kg SID for 10 days.
    • Weight conversion: 8.3 lbs = 3.77 kg.
    • Required dose is 0.2 mg × 3.77 kg = 0.754 mg per day; dosing calculations depend on available tablet concentrations.