Arma, armorum, N. – arms Auris, auris, F. – ear Aurum, auri, N. – gold Bellum, belli, N. – war Campus, campi M. field, plain Caput, capitis, N. -- head Carmen, carminis, N. – song Casus, casūs, M. – fall, downfall, event, misfortune, death Causa, causae, F. – cause Copia, copiae F. – plenty, supply, pl. troops Coquus, coqui M. cook Custos, custodis, M – guard Donum, doni, N – gift Exercitus, exercitūs, M – army Fortuna, fortunae F. - fortune Fama, famae, f. – rumor, reputation flos, floris, M. – flower gens, gentis, M. – race, clan, tribe genus, generis, N. –birth, descent, class gratia, gratiae, F. – charm, influence, thanks hasta, hastae, F. – spear hora, horae, F. – hour hospes, hospitis, M. – host, guest ignis, ignis, M. – fire imber, imbris, M. – rain impedimentum, impedimenti, N. – hindrance, obstacle; (pl) baggage impetus, impetūs, M. – attack iniuria, iniuriae F. – wrong, injury insula, insulae, F. – island, apartment building ius, iuris, N. – law, right, justice legatus, legati, M. – envoy libertas, libertatis, F. – freedom lingua, lingae, F. – tongue, language litus, literis, n. – shore, seashore locus, loci, M. – place luna, lunae, F. -- moon magister, magistri, M. – master, chief, director mare,maris, N. -- sea maritus, mariti, M. – husband memoria, memoriae F. - memory mons, montis, M. -- mountain multitudo, multitudinis, f. – crowd natura, naturae, F. -- nature nemo, neminis, m. – no one nuntius, nuntii, M. – messenger ordo, ordinis, M. – row, line populus, populi, M. - people plaustrum, plaustri, N. – cart, wagon poena, poenae, F – punishment poeta, poetae, M. - poet porta, portae, F. – gate princeps, principis, M. – chief, emperor, leader proelium, proelii, N. – battle pugna, pugnae F. fight, battle regnum, regni, N. – kingdom Sonitus, sonitūs, M., -- sound Turba, turbae, F. – crowd Uxor, uxoris, F. – wife Vulnus, vulneris, N. -- wound Verbs: Absum, abesse, afui, afuturus – be absent, be away Adsum, adesse, adfui, adfuturus – be present, be here Amitto, amittere, amisi, amissus – lose Ascendo, ascendere, ascendi, ascensus – climb Audeo, audēre, ausus sum -- dare Caedo, caedere, cecidi, caesus – cut, strike, kill Claudo, claudere, clausi, clausus – shut, close Coepi, coepisse, coeptus – begin Cogito, cogitare, cogitavi, cogitatus – think Cognosco, cognoscere, cognovi, cognitus, recognize, know Cogo, cogere, coegi, coactus – gather, compel Conficio, conficere, confeci, confectus – complete Convoco, convocare, convocavi, convocatus – call a meeting Credo, credere, credidi, creditus – believe, trust Deleo, delēre, delevi, deletus – destroy Derideo, deridēre, derisi, derisus – mock, make fun of Doleo, dolēre, dolui, dolitus – to be in pain, grieve Dubito, dubitare, dubitavi, dubitatus – hesitate, doubt Eo, ire,ii, itus – go Excito, excitare, excitavi, excitatus – wake up Existimo, existimare, existimavi, existimatus - think Exspecto, exspectare, exspectavi, exspectatus – wait for Faveo, favēre, favi, fautus – favor, support Fero, ferre, tuli, latus – carry Fluo, fluere, fluxi, fluctus – flow Frango, frangere, fregi, fractus -- break Gaudeo, gaudēre, gavisus sum – rejoice Hareo, haerēre, haesi, haesus – cling, stick Iaceo, iacēre, iacui – lie down Impedio, impedire, impedivi, impeditus – hinder Incipio, incipere, incepi, inceptus – begin Interficio, interficere, interfeci, interfectus – kill Iubeo, iubēre, iussi, iussus – order Lavo, lavare, lavi, lautus – wash Narro, narrare, narravi, narratus -- tell Neco, necare, necavi, necatus -- kill Nescio, nescire, nescivi, nescitus – not know Noceo, nocēre, nocui, nocitus -- harm Nolo, nolle, nolui – not want Numero, numerare, numeravi, numeratus – count Occupo, occupare, occupavi, occupatus - seize Ostendo, ostendere, ostendi, ostentus – show Pereo, perire, perii, peritus --- perish, die Persuadeo, persuadēre, persuasi, persuasus – persuade Pervenio, pervenire, pervēni, perventus – reach, arrive Peto, petere, petivi, petitus – search for, head for, attack posco, poscere, poposci – demand Praesum, praeesse, praefui – be in command Propero, properare, properavi, properatus – hasten, hurry Punio, punire, punivi, punitus – punish Recipio, recipere, recepi, receptus – take back, accept Rego, regere, rexi, rectus -- rule Repello, repellere, repulse, repulses – drive back Respondeo, respondēre, respondi, responsus – respond, reply Retineo, retinēre, retinui, retentus – retain, keep Sedeo, sedēre, sedi, sessus – sit Sentio, sentire, sensi, sensus – feel Soleo, solēre, solitus sum – be accustomed Spero, sperare, speravi, speratus – hope Supero, superare, superavi, superatus – defeat, surpass Supersum, superesse, superfui – remain, survive Tempto, temptare, temptavi, temptatus – try Tollo, tollere, sustuli, sublatus – raise, lift Valeo, valēre, valui – be well Vexo, vexare, vexavi, vexatus -- annoy Vinco, vincere, vici, victus – conquer Vivo, vivere, vixi, victus – live Volo, velle, volui -- want Adjectives: Aeger, aegra, aegrum – sick, ill Celer, celeris – swift, fast Commodus, commoda, commodum – proper, fit, suitable Dexter, dextra, dextrum – right Difficilis, difficilis, difficile – difficult Dissimilis, dissimilis, dissimile – unlike Facilis, facilis, facile – easy Fidelis, fidelis, fidele – faithful finitimus, finitima, finitimum – neighboring Gravis, gravis, grave – heavy, serious Ingens, ingentis – huge Inimicus, inimical, inimicum – unfriendly Invitus, invita, invitum – unwilling Iratus, irata, iratum - angry Laetus, laeta, lautum – happy Liber, libera, liberum – free Maximus, maxima, maximum – biggest, greatest Medius, media, medium – in the middle of Meus, mea, meum – my, mine Miser, misera, miserum – unhappy, sad necesse – necessary Negligens, negligentis – careless Nobilis, nobilis, nobile – noble Notus, nota, notum – well, known, famous Omnis, omnis, omne – each, every, all Par, paris – equal Paratus, parata, paratum – prepared Pauci, paucae, pauca – few Pessimus, pessima, pessimum – worst Plenus, plena, plenum – full Plurimus, plurimi, plurimum – very many Publicus, publica, publicum - public Sacer, sacra, sacrum – sacred Similis, similis, simile – similar Sinister, sinistra, sinistrum – left Solus, sola, solum – alone Timidus, timida, timidum - afraid Totus, tota, totum – whole Verus, vera, verum - true Other: alius --another Alter –the other Ante – before Apud – among, beside, at the house of Aut – or Aut…aut – either …or Circum – around Cras – tomorrow Deinde – then, from there Diu – for a long time Etiam – also Fortasse – perhaps Heri - yesterday Hīc -- here Hic, haec, hoc – this Hodie - today Ille, illa, illud – that Iam – now, already Ibi – there Idem, eadem, idem – the same Illuc – (to) there Inter – among Ipse, ipsa, ipsum – himself, herself, itself Is, ea, id – he, she, it Ita – thus Itaque – and so, therefore Lente – slowly Mane – early in the morning. Morning Nam – for, because Neque – neither Neque…neque – neither…nor Nisi – unless Nullus – no, none Numquam – never Nunc – now Ob – on account of Olim – once, once upon a time Post – after, behind Postea – afterwards Postquam – after Postridie – the next day, the day after Propter – on account of Quamquam – although Qui, quae, quod – who, which Quod – because Quoque - also Satis – enough Simul – at the same time Statim – at once, immediately Super – above Tam – so, so much Tamen – however Tandem – at last Trans – across Tum – then Ullus – any Vix – scarcely, hardly, with difficulty
Accendo – to set on fire, inflame
Acer – sharp, fierce, keen
Adulescens – young man, youth
Aedes – temple, house
Aequor – sea, level surface
Aestimo – to value, estimate
Aetas – age, lifetime
Agmen – column, army on the march
Aio – to say, affirm
Alo – to nourish, support
Amnis – river, stream
An – or (in questions)
Anima – soul, spirit
Antiquus – ancient, old
Appello, -are – to call, name
Aptus – suitable, fitting
Ara – altar
Arbitror – to think, judge
Arceo – to keep away, prevent
Ardeo – to burn, be on fire
Arvum – field, land
Arx – citadel, fortress
Asper – harsh, rough
At – but, yet
Ater – black, dark
Atque – and, also
Autem – however, but
Bibo – to drink
Bis – twice
Carpo – to pluck, seize
Carus – dear, beloved
Caterva – crowd, band
Caveo – to beware, take precautions
Censeo – to think, judge
Cerno – to perceive, discern
Certus – certain, sure
Cingo – to gird, surround
Citus – quick, swift
Clementia – mercy, kindness
Classis – fleet, class, division
Comes – companion, comrade
Condo – to establish, build
Conor – to try, attempt
Coniunx – spouse, wife, husband
Cor – heart
Coruscus – flashing, trembling
Cresco – to grow, increase
Crimen – charge, crime
Cum (conj.) – when, since, although
Cunctus – all, entire
Decet – it is fitting, proper
Demum – at last, finally
Denique – finally, at last
Dignus – worthy, deserving
Disco – to learn
Dives – rich, wealthy
Divus – divine, godlike
Dulcis – sweet, pleasant
Dum – while, as long as
Egeo – to lack, need
Emo – to buy
Enim – for, indeed
Ensis – sword
Eripio – to snatch away, rescue
Erro – to wander, err
Exuviae – spoils, armor
Fallo – to deceive, cheat
Fas – divine law, right
Fateor – to confess, admit
Fatum – fate, destiny
Ferio – to strike, hit
Ferrum – iron, sword
Fio – to become, happen
Fingo – to shape, invent
Flamma – flame, fire
Flecto – to bend, turn
Fleo – to weep, cry
Fluctus – wave, flood
Foedus, foederis – treaty, agreement
For – to speak, say
Fruor – to enjoy
Frustra – in vain
Fuga – flight, escape
Fundo – to pour, shed
Funus – funeral, death
Gemitus – groan, sigh
Grex – flock, herd
Haud – not, by no means
Hinc – from here
Horreo – to shudder, tremble
Hortor – to encourage, urge
Huc – here, to this place
Humus – ground, earth
Immanis – huge, monstrous
Impero – to order, command
Imperium – command, power
Incendo – to set fire, inflame
Inde – from there, then
Ingenium – talent, nature
Inquit – says, said
Iste – that, that of yours
Iudicium – judgment, decision
Iungo – to join, unite
Iuro – to swear, take an oath
Iuvo – to help, assist
Labor, labi – to slip, fall
Lacrimo – to weep, cry
Latus, lateris – side, flank
Lenis – gentle, mild
Levo – to lift, lighten
Licet – it is allowed, permitted
Limen – threshold, entrance
Loquor – to speak, talk
Luctor – to struggle, wrestle
Ludo – to play
Maestus – sad, mournful
Mando, -are – to order, entrust
Meminisse – to remember
Mens – mind, thought
Mensis – month
Mereo – to deserve, earn
Metus – fear, dread
Minor, -ari – to threaten
Mirror – to wonder at, admire
Misceo – to mix, blend
Mitis – gentle, mild
Modo – only, just now
Modus – manner, way
Moenia – walls, fortifications
Moles – mass, burden
Mollis – soft, gentle
Moror – to delay, linger
Morior – to die
Mos – custom, habit
Mulier – woman, wife
Munus – gift, duty
Murus – wall
Muto – to change, alter
Nanciscor – to obtain, find
Nascor – to be born
Nego – to deny, refuse
Nemus – grove, forest
Nimis – too much, excessive
Nondum – not yet
Nosco – to learn, get to know
Numen – divine power, will
Obliviscor – to forget
Occido – to kill, fall
Odi – to hate
Opes – resources, wealth
Opto – to wish, choose
Opus – work, task
Ora – shore, region
Oro – to pray, beg
Orior – to rise, arise
Os, oris – mouth, face
Otium – leisure, rest
Parco – to spare, refrain from
Pareo – to obey
Pateo – to be open, extend
Patior – to suffer, endure
Pectus – chest, heart
Pello – to drive, push
Pendeo – to hang, be suspended
Pendo – to weigh, consider
Perdo – to destroy, lose
Pingo – to paint, decorate
Pius – pious, dutiful
Placeo – to please
Polliceor – to promise
Pontus – sea, ocean
Potestas – power, authority
Potior – to obtain, gain possession of
Precor – to pray, beg
Premo – to press, oppress
Pretium – price, value
Principium – beginning, origin
Pro – for, in front of
Probare – to approve, prove
Procul – far, at a distance
Puto – to think, consider
Quaero – to seek, ask
Qualis – of what kind, such as
Quam – how, than
Quantus – how great, how much
Queror – to complain, lament
Quia – because
Quidem – indeed, certainly
Quies – rest, quiet
Quisque – each, every
Quo – where, whither
Quondam – formerly, once
Ramus – branch
Rapio – to seize, snatch
Refero – to bring back, report
Reor – to think, reckon
Ripa – bank (of a river)
Rumpo – to break, burst
Ruo – to rush, collapse
Saeculum – age, generation
Salio – to jump, leap
Salus – health, safety
Sanguis – blood
Saxum – rock, stone
Scelus – crime, wickedness
Sedes – seat, home
Senex – old man
Sequor – to follow
Servio – to serve, be a slave
Sol – sun
Solum – ground, soil
Solvo – to loosen, release
Somnus – sleep
Sors – lot, fate
Sterno – to spread, lay low
Struo – to build, arrange
Sumo – to take, assume
Summus – highest, greatest
Supplicium – punishment, execution
Taceo – to be silent
Talis – such, of such a kind
Tantus – so great, so much
Tectum – roof, house
Tego – to cover, protect
Telum – weapon, spear
Tendo – to stretch, strive
Tenuis – thin, delicate
Testis – witness
Tristis – sad, gloomy
Tueor – to look at, protect
Tunc – then, at that time
Turpis – shameful, ugly
Umbra – shadow, ghost
Unde – from where, whence
Uro – to burn
Ut – as, so that
Uter – which (of two)
Utor – to use, employ
Veho – to carry, transport
Vel – or, even
Ventus – wind
Vereor – to fear, respect
Vestis – clothing, garment
Vetus – old, ancient
Vis – force, power
Virtus – courage, virtue
Vitium – fault, vice
Volvo – to roll, turn
Vulgus – common people, crowd
Vultus – face, expression