Lord of the Flies Notes

LORD OF THE FLIES by WILLIAM GOLDING - Key Ideas

Contents

  • The Sound of the Shell - page 7
  • Fire on the Mountain - page 32
  • Huts on the Beach - page 48
  • Painted Faces and Long Hair - page 58
  • Beast from Water - page 76
  • Beast from Air - page 95
  • Shadows and Tall Trees - page 109
  • Gift for the Darkness - page 124
  • A View to a Death - page 145
  • The Shell and the Glasses - page 155
  • Castle Rock - page 169
  • Cry of the Hunters - page 183
  • Notes - page 203

CHAPTER ONE: The Sound of the Shell

  • Two boys, one fair and one fat, meet after a plane crash on a deserted island. The fair boy's name is Ralph, discovered after some initial reluctance from the fat boy. The fat boy wears thick spectacles.
  • Ralph reveals that he thinks the island is deserted
  • The boys discuss the pilot, emphasizing that he was not in the passenger cabin. There were flames when the plane crashed, suggesting the pilot is likely dead.
  • The fat boy mentions his asthma and his wearing of specs since he was three.
  • Ralph ventures toward the lagoon, leaving the fat boy behind until he follows.
  • Ralph removes his school uniform due to the island's heat and revels in the absence of adults.
  • The fat boy later reveals his nickname, 'Piggy,' which Ralph mockingly repeats.
  • Ralph finds a platform of pink granite and a deep pool, demonstrating the island's allure.
  • Ralph enjoys swimming, while Piggy, due to his asthma and aunt's restrictions, cannot swim.
  • Ralph mentions his father is a commander in the Navy who will rescue them, while Piggy reveals his father is dead and he lives with his aunt who owned a candy store. Piggy cleans the lenses of his glasses with his shirt.
  • Piggy recalls pilot saying, "About the atom bomb? They're all dead."
  • Piggy and Ralph recognize they could be on island till they die with no one knowing they are there.
  • Ralph finds a conch shell.
  • Piggy identifies it as a valuable conch and suggests using it to call the other survivors for a meeting.
  • Ralph initially sees Piggy as irrelevant to his day-dreams and initially disregards him and the conch
  • Piggy describes how to blow the conch.
  • Ralph blows the conch, producing a loud sound that attracts other boys from around the island.
  • A small boy named Johnny appears, followed by other children, all gathering at the platform.
  • Two twins, Sam and Eric, arrive.
  • A group of boys, dressed in black cloaks and led by Merridew, arrive marching in formation.
  • Merridew is frustrated when he learns there are no adults, and calls out to his choir to stand still, after initially being weary about it.
  • A choir boy faints from the heat, while Merridew offhandedly comments this piece of shop brought sniggers from the choir.
  • Piggy attempts to take names, and shrinks back at Merridew's apparent authority.
  • Piggy suggests Ralph called the meeting to decide what to do, Ralph agrees he gathered them so they can decide what to do.
  • Jack Merridew belittles Piggy, calling him "Fatty." Ralph defends Piggy by revealing his nickname, "Piggy," leading to laughter.
  • Simon joins, while Jack demands he be Merridew instead. Ralph points out Jack is in charge of choir after a vote ensues to elect Ralph as chief.
  • Ralph gives the choir to Jack, and Jack decides they will be hunters.
  • Ralph suggests exploring the island to confirm it is an island. He chooses Jack and Simon to go with him, excluding Piggy, which hurts Piggy's feeling.
  • Ralph apologizes to Piggy for revealing his nickname and asks him to take names of the gathered kids. Ralph justifies his actions by emphasizing his leadership and that being called Piggy is better than Fatty.
  • The three boys walk along the beach, excited and laughing. They make their way to the end of the island and determine that it is an island afterall.
  • They resolve to climb the mountain.
  • They come across a large rock and push it down the mountain in excitement.
  • The boys reach the mountain top and confirm that they are on an island, then Ralph claims the island for themselves.
  • Simon mentions his hunger, and it dawns on the other two as well.
  • They discover candle bushes and contemplate their characteristics.
  • The boys hear squealing and discover a piglet trapped in creepers. Jack raises his knife but hesitates to kill it.
  • The piglet escapes, and Jack vows to kill the next pig.

CHAPTER TWO: Fire on the Mountain

  • Ralph calls a meeting using the conch shell.
  • Ralph explains their situation: they are on an uninhabited island with no grownups, but they need to find a way to look after themselves.
  • Ralph introduces rules: hands up to speak, and the conch shell grants the right to speak without interruption.
  • Piggy emphasizes that nobody knows where they are and may be there a long time.
  • Ralph suggests they can have a good time while waiting and it will be just like a book.
  • The boys debate Treasure Island, Swallows and Amazons, and Coral island.
  • A small boy with a mulberry-colored birthmark expresses his fear of a "snake-thing" or "beastie." in the woods.
  • Ralph dismisses the idea of a beastie on an island, sparking discussions and reassurance from the older boys.
  • Jack assures the group they will hunt the beast. Ralph loudly asserts that there is no beast.
  • Ralph emphasizes the importance of rescue and reveals his father's assurance that no islands are undiscovered, raising the expectations of the other pupils who respect and like him.
  • Ralph suggests making a fire on the mountain to signal for rescue.
  • The boys rush off to gather wood, leaving Ralph and Piggy alone with the conch.
  • Piggy criticizes them acting like a crowd of kids. Ralph is already clambering up the scar after the exited kids.
  • Piggy sighs and bends to lace his shoes before following after the mass of children.
  • The choir, led by Jack, starts collecting wood, but some small boys lose interest and look for fruit.
  • Jack and Ralph share a moment of friendship, adventure, and content when trying to lift a heavy log. Then they both revert to a state of self consciousness.
  • Ralph asks if anyone has any matches - Jack suggests rubbing two sticks together - Roger suggests rubbing his hands with a bow and arrow type strategy.
  • Piggy arrives to the mountain with his glasses.
  • Jack suddenly seizes Piggy’s glasses to use the lenses to start a fire, causing Piggy to wail.
  • Ralph focuses the sunlight through the glasses onto rotten wood, creating smoke and eventually, a flame, but causes Piggy to be half blind.
  • The boys dance around the flames with jubilation.
  • Ralph urges them to gather more wood as the fire roars uncontrollably.
  • Ralph notes there is minimal smoke from large fire.
  • Piggy suggests green branches would produce more smoke, but is shouted down.
  • Ralph emphasizes the need for special people to look after the fire and the imperative of more rules to do so.
  • Ralph proposes there be special people for looking after the fire. He then states any day there may be a ship out there and if they have a signal going, they'll come and take them off.
  • Jack agrees to split up the choir, his hunters, into groups responsible for keeping the fire going.
  • Jack says The assembly assented gravely. And they'll be responsible for keeping a lookout too. If we see a ship out there they'll put green branches on. Then there'll be more smoke.
  • Piggy attempts to interject.
  • Roger gloomily comments that no ships will arrive to rescuer them. Ralph attempts to raise their spirits.
  • Piggy chides the boys that the first thing they should of made was shelters near the beach.
  • Piggy's comments that its them kids and the little uns, makes the boys hurl insults at him, his temper, and his fire as acres of black and yellow smoke roll to the sea.
  • Ultimately, Piggy is scorned and his logical contributions are drowned out by the boys' excitement and thoughtlessness in relation to a fire.
  • Piggy tries to point out that the little uns may be wandering in the fire but no one is listening to him.
  • Piggy is scared, and Jack calls Fatty.
  • Ralph asserts that Piggy has a right to speak.
  • Piggy inquires about the little un with the birthmark on his face on whether he is in the fire, but only a drum-roll continues to provide an answer.

CHAPTER THREE: Huts on the Beach

  • Jack intensely tracks pigs even when it is clear the trail ends. He is now wearing tattered shorts and has a sharpened stick about five feet long.
  • He is frustrated and nearly mad when he cannot find pigs to hunt.
  • He hurls his spear in vain at escaping pig as a castanet sound maddens him.
  • Ralph asks him for water, he is so consumed.
  • Ralph is building inadequate shelters with Simon's help, while the other boys are bathing.
  • Ralph reminisces if he blew the conch this minute, they'd come running and that someone would say we ought to build a jet, or a submarine, or a TV set.
  • Ralph suggests they should have a meeting. He notes Jack's hunters were swimming instead of helping with shelters.
  • Jack becomes angry upon Ralph pointing out there is no meat and no shelters.
  • Ralph suggests they need shelters due to being frightened.
  • Simulation interruption, they looked at Simon intently, as Simon reveals that the beast/monster might be real.
  • The boys recall glamour of day 1 exploring.
  • Ralph states they need shelters as a sort of home.
  • Jack explains when your hunting sometimes you catch yourself feeling as if being hunted, as if something is behind you all the time in the jungle.
  • Ralph is incredulous about this idea. Ralph wants rescue, Jack needs to catch a pig.
  • Jack and Ralph trotted down the beach, and, turning at the water's edge, looked back at the pink mountain. The trickle of smoke sketched a chalky line up the solid blue of the sky, wavered high up and faded.
  • Jack and Ralph begin to argue again. Ralph reveals that working all day with Simon has exhausted him. Jack exclaims that he likes hunting. The two walk different continents of experience and feeling and communication is absent.
  • Simon is not in the bathing pool as they had expected, so while Ralph works on improving the shelter structure, Jack goes off to hunt.
  • Simon instead takes it upon himself to gather fruit for the littluns.
  • Simon continues on, finding a place where more sunshine fell, with the whole space walled with dark aromatic bushes, and just sunshine and light.
  • Simon pauses and glances around, making sure he is truly alone.
  • He goes into the middle area where after a period of time the day becomes the evening.
  • Simon opens his eyes; the candle buds stir. Their green Sepals dew, back a little, and the white tips of the flowers rose delicately to meet the open air.

CHAPTER FOUR: Painted Faces and Long Hair

  • The boys adapt to the island's rhythms, playing in the mornings, seeking shade at midday, and becoming restless at night.
  • The littluns have their own distinct lives, eating fruit, suffering stomachaches, and playing aimlessly on the beach.
  • They built castles and decorated it, but the older children destroyed it, causing the smaller kids to cry.
  • Roger throws stones at Henry but deliberately misses, constrained by the taboos of civilization.
  • Jack creates a mask of clay, red, and charcoal, becoming liberated from shame and self-consciousness, transforming into a bloodthirsty hunter.
  • Ralph and Piggy discuss creating a sundial to keep track of the time, but Ralph dismisses the idea.
  • Ralph notices a ship but realizes the signal fire is out.
  • Piggy is bullied by Ralph.
  • Ralph sees only a ship. Piggy sees no smoke, while Simon and Maurice search for a signal.
  • The signal fire is seemingly out and there are no obvious reasons why or where to find it.
  • Jack and the hunters return celebrating their first successful pig kill.
  • Ralph confronts Jack about letting the fire go out; Jack is too elated about the hunt to care.
  • Jack physically assaults Piggy; breaking his glasses, an increasing issue.
  • The hunters, laughing, recreate the pig's death. Then Simon gives meat to piggy.
  • Ralph calls an assembly, frustrated at their regression.

CHAPTER FIVE: Beast from Water

  • Ralph is frustrated and overwhelmed by his responsibilities as chief. He reflects deeply on the conditions of their camp.
  • Ralph knows the meeting must not be fun, but business, and he walks quickly towards their designated gathering place.
  • Ralph acknowledges that Piggy can think, thus, in many ways, proving Piggy to be more qualified to be a chief.
  • Ralph blows on the conch to signal an important matter he wants covered.
  • Ralph recognizes assemblies aren't working because decisions are not being followed through.
  • Ralph reprimands them for not carrying water from the stream, lack of shelter, and using the area near the shelters and the platform as a latrine.
  • Ralph stresses the importance of maintaining the rescue fire.
  • The assembly grows restive with Ralph's accumulation of complaints.
  • Jack stands and states fear can't hurt you more than a dream.
  • Piggy makes rare appearance and makes a plea to the other children to think rationally when talking about there being beasts in the forest.
  • A littlun, Phil, recounts a nightmare about a beast.
  • Simon admits to wandering off at night to a place in the jungle, drawing suspicion and laughter.
  • Another littlun states the beats lives in the sea but the children generally laugh about their fears.
  • Maurice reveals that his dad has said there haven't been all the animals in the sea discovered, thus creating an aura in the fear for a squid of great size.
  • Simon suggests, "Maybe… maybe there is a beast," causing more consternation among the assembly.
  • Simon is not received well and cries out, "What I mean is … maybe it's only us."
  • Jack's crassness derails any attempt to have a meaningful discussion.
  • The assembly deteriorates into chaos, and they are faced with whether or not to declare ghosts as a thing.
  • Piggy scolds them in a serious manner, causing Ralph to want to hand off the leadership of what is happening.
  • After saying this would cause a bigger issue with Jack's current behavior, the group decides to stick together even though Ralph wants to quit.
  • Ralph desperately hopes for a sign from the adult world.
  • Percival is heard wailing in the distance.The noise sets the group off, causing remote and unearthly sounds and gibbering.

CHAPTER SIX: Beast from Air

  • The boys are scared and start dreaming and stirring in their sleep.
  • While the boys sleep, a dead parachutist lands on the island, a sign of the adult world's violence.
  • The twins, Sam and Eric, while tending the fire, see the dead parachutist and mistake it for the beast.
  • The twins flee and wake Ralph and Piggy, telling them of the beast with wings, teeth, and claws.
  • The boys gather on the platform, and Ralph holds up the conch.
  • The twins deliver a description of the beast.
  • Ralph asks the twins who are trembling if they are pulling their leg.
  • Piggy inquires whether they are safe, to which Ralph responded that he does not know.
  • Jack calls everyone to a serious hunt. Ralph points to to the spears the children are carrying.
  • Ralph scolds Jack for frightening everyone. Jack asks if Ralph is frightened. Ralph says he is. Everyone would be.
  • Ralph says Piggy will look after litluns. Jack asks about piggy.
  • Ralph points to the necessity of the fire. Jack asks him if he even wants to be rescued. All of Jack can talk about is a pig!
  • Ralph then asks where Jack hasn't been, such as the tail end part. There is a single way to get up.
  • Jack replies saying what follows is a hunter's job, implying Ralph can't do that.
  • Ralph retorts the fire is the main objective, causing a disagreement.
  • Ralph continues to speak to Jack.
  • The group then walk on the beach together with Ralph's control.
  • Simon thinks of the beast as both heroic and sick.
  • Ralph glances and sees Simon doing something that isn't important and looks toward it.
  • Jack runs back, explaining they are in sight now. Now, towards the end of the process of climbing the pink rocks, Ralph thinks it is over.
  • Ralph asks Jack what he thinks.
  • Ralph parts a long screen of grass and looks out. The ground can change a few yards and is narrow. Beyond this is the rest of the island.
  • Simon stated he doesn't believe the beast and Ralph says that he supposes, looking tightly at his mouth and palely at the air.
  • Ralph walks on towards the great wall that leads them to believe that it would be over shortly.
  • Ralph begins with care, is surrounded by empty air, paused in the neck and realized the great size of the water in which direction he peered.
  • He is turned to face a red cliff. Jack peers around the red cliff, and sees nothing what he says it to be.
  • They found and drink from pool where a coconut shell sits at the corner. No one wanted from climb so they descended and began again.
  • Together, the two walked again, conscious of the bad things being between them again.
  • Ralph wanted to show off the fire. Then at the fire and the light, it leads to the next episode.