AP GOV

  1. US Constitution

    Articles (7 total)

    • Article I: Legislative Branch (Congress – House & Senate)

    • Article II: Executive Branch (President & Bureaucracy)

    • Article III: Judicial Branch (Supreme Court & lower courts)

    • Article IV: State powers & interstate relations

    • Article V: Amendment process

    • Article VI: Supremacy Clause (Constitution = highest law)

    • Article VII: Ratification process

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🔷 Enumerated (Expressed) Powers

Powers clearly listed in the Constitution for the federal government.

🔶 Implied Powers

Powers not written but reasonably suggested by the Constitution (via the Necessary and Proper Clause).

🟩 Reserved Powers

Powers kept by the states, not given to the federal government (10th Amendment).

🟨 Concurrent Powers

Powers that are shared by both the federal and state governments.

  1. Federalism

    • Federalism is not about federal power. Federalism describes the sharing of power between the national government and state government.

Which amendments have been selectively incorporated to the states through Supreme Court decisions?

1st, 2nd, 4th, 5th, 6th, and 8th Amendments