NS

Week 4 - Fitness and Lifestyle

  • How many steps is enough?

    • 10,000 steps per day = Maintain Health

    • 12,000 - 15,000 steps per day = Slow healthy Weight Loss

  • Importance of Walking

    • Qualified fitness professional (QEP) need to get more sedentary individuals walking/daily (results)

  • Relating Basic Cardiorespiratory Physiology to Fitness Assessment

    • Muscle responds to exercise via:

    • Increase in blood flow (vasodilation)

    • increase in oxygen utilization

    • Increase in ‘waste’ removal (CO2 & LA)

  • Heart muscle responds to exercise via:

    • Increase in heart rate (HR)

    • Increase in stroke volume (SV)

    • Leads to an increase in cardiac output (Q)

  • Linking Central Adaptations to Aerobic Fitness Training

    • Increase in blood supply / vascularization to heart muscle

    • Increase in stroke volume

    • Increase in cardiac output

    • Increase in left ventricular volume

    • Increase in ventricular wall thickness

  • Aerobic Tests

    • Direct Max VO2

      • +/- 2-3% error

    • Lab Tests

      • +/- 10-20% error

    • Field Tests

      • +/- 20-25% error

    • Why?

  • Review METS

    • One Resting MET = 3.5 ml/kg/min

    • Therefore, 12 METS = 42 ml/kg/min

    • Section 4, about page 34

  • Remember… Energy Expenditure Equations

    • Energy (kcal) utilized with exercise depends on oxygen consumption (or MET level), body mass & duration:



  • Example Conversion from VO2 max to kcals OR METS to kcals

HOEING WAS THE ACTIVITY THAT MADE EVERYBODY LAUGH

  • Cardiometabolic Risk

    • Traditional Risk Factors and Emerging Markers Contributing to Cardiometabolic Risk

      • Keeping it Simple

        • Age

        • Gender

        • Lipid profile

        • Smoking

        • Type II Diabetes (hyperglycemia)

        • BLOOD PRESSURE

    • The “Heavyweights” of modifiable Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) Risk Factors

      • Hypertension

      • Cholesterol (LDL) (HDL)

      • Diabetes

      • Smoking

        • Global CVD Risk

          • Obesity BMI

          • Others

    • Factors Contributing to Cardiometabolic Risk

      • Global CVD Risk from traditional risk factors +

      • A new CVD Risk factor (Metabolic Syndrome?) = 

      • Global Cardiometabolic Risk

  • Metabolic Syndrome

    • Clinical Classification of the Metabolic Syndrome

  • CT SCan: intra-abdominal (visceral) Fat Accumulation in Equally Overweight men (same age, BMI, Fat Mss)

    • 2 cm is a huge difference in terms of metabolic syndrome for health

  • Beneficial Impacts of Physical Activity on Body Fatness and Metabolic Risk of Men with Abdominal Obesity

  • Is waist circumference better than body mass index to predict cardiometabolic risk?

    • Outside

      • Waist circumference

    • Inside

      • Intra-abdominal or visceral fat

  • Criteria for the Clinical Diagnosis of the Metabolic Syndrome

  • Simplified Model of the “Portal” Theory

  • What is Ectopic Fat Accumulation?

  • Why is the Fatty Liver Dangerous for Cardiovascular Health Risk?

  • Obese Individuals with a Preferential Accumulation of Intra-Abdominal Adipose Tissue (AT): Subgroup at High CVD Risk

  • Improvements in Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Induced by Regular Exercise

BONUS QUESTION: Karyn Humber was wearing an NHL pin and breast cancer ribbon