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S5-1 Coordination Dynamics
Page 1: Introduction to Sensorimotor Constraints
Overview of sensorimotor constraints in perceptual-motor coordination.
Importance of coordination dynamics in understanding movement.
Page 2: Coordination Dynamics
Topic 1: Coordination Dynamics
Examines inter-limb coordination.
Bimanual Movement
Serves as a model system for studying coordination.
Involves analyzing coordinative structures and 'rules' of coordination.
von Holst's Rules
Discusses stability in coordination patterns and transitions between these patterns.
Page 3: Objectives of Coordination Dynamics
Describe bimanual coordination and sensorimotor constraints.
Synchrony observed in bimanual coordination.
Define coordinative structures.
Discuss von Holst's rules of coordination.
Define the 'magnet effect' and 'maintenance tendency'.
Page 4: Challenges in Coordination Dynamics
Degrees of Freedom
Coordination is tied to mastering many independent variables in movement.
The focus is on reducing complexity in patterns of organization (Bernstein, 1967).
Page 5: Bimanual Movement Research
Study Overview
Conducted by Kelso et al. on two-handed movements under varying difficulty.
Kinematic data suggests strong coupling between hands despite different speeds.
Key Findings
Simultaneity of actions produced by functional muscle groupings.
Page 6: Reaction to Movement Tasks
Examines responses when tasked with producing movements of varying amplitude and precision.
Page 7: Types of Bimanual Movement
Symmetric and Asymmetric Movements
Differentiates between symmetric and asymmetric bimanual tasks.
Page 8: Movement Dynamics in Task Performance
Performance measures for difficult vs. easy targets.
Graphical data shows response times related to target difficulty.
Page 9: Further Analysis of Bimanual Movement
Explores symmetric and asymmetric coordination in movement tasks.
Page 10: Trajectory Analysis for Movements
Analysis of movements in various configurations (e.g., hurdle placements).
Page 11: Functional Linkages in Coordination
How Movements Are Produced
Individuals constrain their movements to reduce independent components.
Strive for reduced functional variability as a control strategy.
Page 12: Understanding Coordinative Structures
Defines coordinative structures as optimal solutions for coordination through muscle group organization.
Page 13: Experimental Setup
Overview of the experimental apparatus and procedure for assessing coordination dynamics.
Page 14: Performance Measures in Different Movement Conditions
Symmetric vs. asymmetric performance metrics discussed with graphs.
Page 15: von Holst's Studies
Overview of von Holst's research on coordination patterns in fishes.
Page 16: Fin Movement Coordination
Types of Coordination
Absolute coordination vs. relative coordination in fin movements.
Page 17: Concepts of Coordination from von Holst
Maintenance Tendency: Predicated on the dorsal fin's rhythmic frequency.
Magnet Effect: Attraction of one fin's rhythm to another.
Page 18: Patterns in Centipede Locomotion
Studies locomotor patterns in centipedes to exemplify coordination in movement.
Page 19: von Holst's Coordination Rules
Only a few stable patterns can be performed easily.
Stable patterns persist until critical limits lead to transition.
There's a tendency towards increasingly stable states.
Page 20: Coordination Patterns
Overview of phase transitions observed in coordination.
Page 21: Research on Pattern Transitions
Discusses the simultaneous movement constraints and stability within coordination dynamics.
Page 22: Objectives of Pattern Transitions in Coordination
Review von Holst's coordination rules.
Discuss basic pattern transition paradigms.
Differentiate between egocentric and allocentric constraints.
Detail modulation of pathways related to stable coordination patterns.
Page 23: Phase Transitions Research
Kelso's 1984 study on critical behavior during bimanual coordination.
Examines behavioral shifts in phase modes under varying conditions.
Page 24: Pattern Transition Characteristics
In-phase patterns indicate timing at the same cycle point.
Anti-phase patterns show opposing movement phases.
Page 25: Data Representation in Coordination Studies
Explores collective variables and patterns during movement frequencies.
Page 26: Evolution of EMG Patterns
Analyzes EMG data for transitions between patterns as movement frequency changes.
Page 27: Stability and Transition Measurement
Graphical representations of anti-phase and in-phase transitions in coordination.
Page 28: Further Discussions on Coordination
Covers egocentric vs. allocentric constraints in movement.
Page 29: Dependency of Pattern Stability
Spatial dependencies influence stability.
Egocentric and allocentric principles affecting muscle coordination.
Page 30: Research on Bimanual Coordination
Investigates factors contributing to stability in coordination.
Page 31: Movement Direction Dependency
Investigates the coupling and dependencies of various movement directions.
Page 32: Changes in Neural Excitability
Discusses how rhythmic movements can affect motor pathway excitability.
Page 33: Analyzing H-reflex Changes
Overview of modulation responses during rhythmic movement studies.
Page 34: Cortical Excitability Modulation
Details on the influence of movement phases on cortical excitability.
Page 35: H-reflex Modulation
Explores H-reflex dynamics during purposeful rhythmic movements.
Page 36: Egocentric vs. Allocentric Principles in Pattern Stability
Discusses interplay between spatial and muscular dependencies.
Page 37: Coupling Between Voluntary Movements
Evidence from studies supporting preferred coupling of movements in the same direction.
Page 38: Examples of Movement Direction Influences
Practical examples to illustrate coupling rules and conditions in movement.
Page 39: Patterns of Hand and Foot Associations
Depicts easy vs. difficult associations in hand and foot coordination.
Page 40: H-reflex Modulation Across Movements
Observes modulation in response to rhythmic limb movements.
Page 41: Excitability Changes Across Movements
Overview of how movement phase influences excitability changes.
Page 42: Observations on H-reflex Patterns
Analysis of H-reflex size during oscillatory foot movement tasks.
Page 43: H-reflex Excitability Changes
Graphical representation of the reflex changes in rhythm.
Page 44: Summary on Pattern Transitions in Coordination
Recapitulates key findings related to perceptual-motor coordination transitions.
Page 45: Collaborative Study on Phase Transitions
Study investigating stability in phase modes between individuals.
Page 46: Data on Relative Phase in Tasks
Exhibits time series data on relative phases and oscillation characteristics.
Page 47: Concluding von Holst's Coordination Rules
Stability of coordination patterns.
Transitions contingent on critical thresholds.
Enduring stability tendency.
NoteStudied by 10 peopleNoteStudied by 41 peopleNoteStudied by 18 peopleNoteStudied by 21 peopleNoteStudied by 8 peopleNoteStudied by 1443 people