sociology ch 10 ppt

Homogamy:
- Definition: The tendency to choose romantic partners who are similar to ourselves in terms of class, race, education, religion, and other social group memberships.
- Phrase: “Like marries like.”
Propinquity:
- Definition: The tendency to partner with people who live close by (geographical proximity).
Monogamy:
- Definition: The practice of being in a relationship with one person at a time.
Polyamory:
- Definition: A system of multiple-person partnerships; relationships may consist of more than two people.

Cohabitation:
- Definition: Living together as romantic partners without being married.
- Statistical Fact: 59% of adults between the ages of 18 and 44 have cohabitated with a partner at some point in their lives.
- Attitude: Most young people today consider cohabitation an important step before marriage.
- Statistical Insight (2022): 29% of all households were individuals living alone.
- Comparison: Married couples made up 75% of households in 1960, but only 47% in 2022.

Single Parenting Statistics (2022):
- Race Comparison: 21% of white children were living with a single parent, compared to 51% of Black children.
- Custodial Parent: In most cases, the custodial parent is a mother.
- Perceptions: The view of single parents often shaped by race and class (e.g., stigma of “welfare moms” and “deadbeat dads”).
- Motivations of Young, Low-Income Women: They may choose to have children alone to gain respect and admiration in their community, rather than for welfare benefits.
- Involvement: Black fathers tend to have higher levels of engagement in activities such as physical play with sons and literacy activities with daughters compared to white or Latino fathers.

Gallup Poll (2018):
- Finding: 86% of adults surveyed indicated they either had or wanted children.
- Voluntarily Childfree: In 2019, about 10% of women identified as voluntarily childfree.
Pronatalist Society:
- Definition: A society where cultural values support childbearing and childrearing as the normative practice; individuals who choose to remain childfree face societal judgments for their nonconformity.

Instrumental Tasks:
- Definition: Practical physical tasks necessary to maintain family life (e.g., cooking, cleaning).
Expressive Tasks:
- Definition: Emotional work necessary to support family members (e.g., providing emotional support, nurturing).
Mental Load:
- Definition: The ongoing, invisible cognitive and emotional effort of managing a household and family life, which includes anticipating needs, planning, and decision-making.
Second Shift:
- Definition: The unpaid housework and childcare expected of women after they complete their paid labor outside the home.

Consumption:
- Definition: The utilization of goods and services; within capitalism, individuals work to earn money to afford not just basic necessities but also leisure activities.
Recreation:
- Definition: Any satisfying, amusing, and stimulating activity that refreshes and renews the body, mind, and spirit.
Leisure:
- Definition: A period of time that can be spent relaxing, engaging in recreation, or indulging in freely chosen activities; essentially, it is time spent doing whatever one wants, or doing nothing at all.

Historical Context: After World War II, mass migration to suburbs and the invention of television led to increased home-based leisure activities rather than public outings.
- Changed Preferences: People now prefer consuming arts via home platforms like television and digital media instead of attending theaters or cultural venues.
- Impact of COVID-19: The pandemic accelerated trends of staying home for leisure.
Third Place:
- Definition: Any informal public setting where people regularly convene for socialization and conversation outside of work and home.

Digital Transformation: Socializing and consuming content online has replaced traditional face-to-face interactions that previously occurred in public spaces.
Analog to Digital: Many activities that were once analog now have digital components (e.g., reading books, attending events).
New Connections: Digital media enables new forms of connecting with individuals over long distances, facilitating virtual experiences that might not have been possible in-person.

Commodification:
- Definition: The process whereby certain goods or services become available for purchase and sale.
Spending Statistics (2021): On average, Americans spent $3,568 on entertainment, which encompasses media products (music, movies, video games, etc.), toys, hobbies, sporting equipment, and admission fees for attractions.
Commodification Trends: Even simple, previously inexpensive forms of recreation have become increasingly commodified; leisure is significant business, with more than 16 million individuals employed in the leisure and hospitality sector.

Cultural Influence: The music, movies, clothing, foods, art, books, magazines, cars, sports, video games, and TV shows individuals enjoy are affected by their societal positions, including factors like race, class, gender, age, sexuality, and religion.
Popular Culture:
- Definition: Forms of cultural expression generally associated with the masses, consumer goods, and commercial products.
High Culture:
- Definition: Forms of cultural expression typically linked to the elite or dominant classes.

Featured Performances:
- @hattmouchin: Features how Atlanta does the symphony.
- @nosidammckinney: Performance of "Here I Am" with an orchestra including Rick Ross and the Atlanta Orchestra.

Quiz Format: 15 multiple choice and true/false questions.
Content Scope:
- Course material from Lectures 9-10 covering:
- The Economy and Work
- Family and Leisure
- Textbook Chapters: 11-13
Key Topics Include:
- Types of economic systems
- The US economy
- The evolution of work in the US
- Family and relationship trends
- The gendered work of family
- Trends in leisure
- Leisure and culture
- Only concepts discussed in class or included in lecture slides will be included (no readings that were not emphasized in class).