15. PROGRAM EVALUATION AND ACCREDITATION
PROGRAM EVALUATION AND ACCREDITATION
Prepared by: Claire B. Villavieja
COMMON DEFINITIONS, CONCEPTS AND THEORIES
Evaluation: A process of gathering information about an entity to determine its worth.
Assessment: Gathers information resulting in conclusions (e.g., nursing diagnosis, problem identification).
Quality: Measured as purposeful, transformative, exceptional, and accountable.
Quality Assurance: Collecting data on how well the institution or program meets set standards, criteria, goals, or mission.
TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT (TQM) AND CONTINUOUS QUALITY IMPROVEMENT (CQI)
TQM/TQI: Processes involving all stakeholders in assessing program quality and effectiveness based on criteria or standards.
Formative Evaluation: Intended for improvement based on evaluator's input.
Summative Evaluation: Holistic approach to program assessment using formative evaluation results.
Goal-Based Evaluation: Focuses on examining program goals and intended outcomes.
Goal-Free Evaluation: Examines actual effects of the program, including unintended and side effects.
CONCEPTUAL MODELS OF EVALUATION
Nursing education programs use many evaluation models from healthcare and education, including:
Structure, Process, and Outcome Model (Healthcare Evaluation)
Context, Input, Process, and Product (CIPP) Educational Model
BENCHMARKING
Programs set benchmarks to measure success and standard of excellence.
Evaluation Process Model: Focuses on evaluation processes, including steps such as:
Engage stakeholders
Describe the program
Focus evaluation plan
Gather credible evidence
Justify conclusions and recommendations
Use and share lessons learned
FORMATIVE EVALUATION FOR NURSING EDUCATION
Evaluation strategies include:
Course evaluations
Student achievement measures
Teaching effectiveness surveys
Satisfaction measures (staff, student, administration, faculty)
Assessments of critical thinking and standardized tests
PROGRAM REVIEW
Ensures quality and sustainability, demonstrating the institution's place in the academic community.
Research and Program Evaluation:
Evaluation begins with identifying the program, purpose, and stakeholders.
Research involves describing a problem and related research questions to compare, test, or develop new theories or models of evaluation.
MASTER PLAN OF EVALUATION
Emphasis on outcomes essential for:
Measuring success
Establishing benchmarks
Continually improving quality
Rationale: Integrate accreditation standards, ensuring sufficient quality to meet discipline expectations.
COMPONENTS OF A MASTER PLAN OF EVALUATION
Steps include:
Collect data
Analyze findings
Prepare reports
Disseminate reports to key stakeholders
Set timelines for collection, analysis, and reporting
ROLE OF FACULTY, STUDENTS, CONSUMERS, AND ADMINISTRATORS IN EVALUATION
Faculty: Key in assessing outcomes and data analysis.
Students: Their performance, satisfaction, and assessment of teaching contribute to program evaluation.
Consumers: Include alumni, employers, and recipients of care; program success measured by graduates' performance.
Administrators: Provide leadership and resources necessary for evaluation processes.
ACCREDITATION
Voluntary but provides credibility at regional, national, and professional levels.
Ensures quality based on criteria set by accrediting agencies.
PHILIPPINE ACCREDITING ASSOCIATION OF SCHOOLS, COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES (PAASCU)
A private, voluntary, non-profit corporation registered on November 5, 1957.
ASSOCIATION OF CHRISTIAN SCHOOLS, COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES ACCREDITING COUNCIL, INC. (ACSCU-ACI)
One of three accrediting agencies recognized by the Commission on Higher Education for private education institutions in the Philippines.