Notes on Non-Renewable Energy Resources

Non-Renewable Energy Resources

  • Definition: Energy resources that are depleted over time and take thousands to millions of years to replenish.

  • Types: Include nuclear and fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas).

Characteristics of Non-Renewable Resources

  • Formation Time: Non-renewable resources take millions of years to form.

  • Environmental Impact: Usage leads to pollution and can have catastrophic consequences.

  • Current Status: Resources are expected to run out soon without changes in consumption habits.

Fossil Fuels

  • Definition: Energy from remains of ancient plants and animals.

  • Examples: Coal, oil, natural gas.

  • Uses: Generate electricity, power vehicles, heat homes.

Advantages of Fossil Fuels

  • Abundant & Accessible: Currently plentiful and relatively easy to extract with technology.

  • Reliable: Available regardless of weather conditions.

  • Energy-Dense: High energy output from small quantities.

Disadvantages of Fossil Fuels

  • Non-Renewable: Once exhausted, they cannot be replenished.

  • Pollution: Burning produces carbon dioxide and other harmful pollutants.

  • Extraction Risks: Environmental hazards from oil spills and accidents.

Types of Fossil Fuels

  • Oil: Used for transportation and products like plastic. Once depleted, it’s gone for good.

  • Coal: Used for electricity; creates pollution when burned.

Nuclear Energy

  • Production: Achieved by splitting uranium atoms, releasing heat to generate steam.

  • Global Usage: Accounts for 10% of global energy; significant in Canada (15% of energy needs).

  • Advantages: Small land footprint, consistent output, no greenhouse gases.

  • Disadvantages: Potential for nuclear weapon use, accident risks, long-lived radioactive waste.

  • Historical Context: Chernobyl disaster led to significant health and environmental consequences.

Natural Gas

  • Description: Composed mainly of methane; extracted by drilling.

  • Uses: Heating, cooking, and electricity generation.

  • Caution: It is non-renewable and must be used wisely to seek alternative sources.