APPSY 4.7 Emotion

Page 1: Emotion in AP Psychology

  • Introduction to Unit 4 focusing on emotions.

Page 2: Understanding Emotions

  • Consider what emotions are and how they affect the mind, body, and behavior.

Page 3: Instructions for Collaboration

  • Instructions for editing the slide and using tools in Google Slides.

Page 4: Specific Emotions

  • Explore the experience of fear in terms of body, mind, and behavior. Watch a video for insights on what creates emotions.

Page 5: Theories of Emotion

  • Introduction to various theories explaining emotion.

Page 6: Components of Emotion

  • Three components of emotion: 1. Physiological Response 2. Cognitive Appraisal 3. Behavioral Response. Identify the most influential component.

Page 7: Instructions for Collaboration

  • Instructions for interacting with the collaboration slide.

Page 8: Definition of Emotions

  • Emotions (or affect) are complex psychological processes distinct from reasoning and knowledge, reflecting internal and external factors.

Page 9: Emotion and Motivation

  • Emotion and motivation are complementary; emotions drive response to situations and convey intentions.

Page 10: Three Components of Emotion

  • Emotions involve: 1. Physiological arousal 2. Expressive behaviors 3. Conscious experience. Each emotion comprises these three components.

Page 11: Identifying Parts of Emotion

  • Questions to identify physiological arousal, expressive behavior, and conscious experience in emotions.

Page 12: Matching Components of Emotion

  • Match examples of conscious experience, physiological response, and behavior in emotional contexts.

Page 13: Relation of Bodily Arousal and Emotion

  • Investigate whether arousal precedes or follows emotional feeling, and how cognition interacts with emotion.

Page 14: Historical Theory #1

  • This early 1900s theory states emotion arises from awareness of physiological responses to stimuli.

Page 15: Weakness of Theory #1

  • Critique: Arousal can occur without emotion, and emotions don't have unique physiological patterns.

Page 16: Historical Theory #2

  • Proposition that physical responses and subjective feelings occur simultaneously and independently.

Page 17: Weakness of Theory #2

  • Critique: Fails to consider new or ambiguous situations where emotions are unclear.

Page 18: Differences Between Theories

  • Theory #1 posits physiological responses first; Theory #2 states they occur simultaneously.

Page 19: Missing Elements in Historical Theories

  • Reflect on what the two historical theories overlook concerning the three components of emotion.

Page 20: Collaborate Board Instructions

  • More instructions for editing and collaboration.

Page 21: Modern Theory #1: Two Factor Theory

  • This theory from the 1960s links physical reactions and cognitive appraisal in creating emotion.

Page 22: Weakness of Two Factor Theory

  • Critique: Some emotions can appear without appraisal; not all require conscious evaluation.

Page 23: Cognitive Interpretation of Arousal

  • Focus on the relationship between arousal and cognitive interpretation.

Page 24: Cognition and Emotion

  • Discussion on whether cognitive interpretation always precedes emotional experience.

Page 25: Modern Theory #2: No Cognition

  • Some emotional responses are immediate and do not need cognitive processing.

Page 26: Weakness of No Cognition Theory

  • Critique: Some emotions definitely require cognitive interpretation.

Page 27: Brain's Pathways for Emotion

  • Two pathways for emotional processing: through cortex or direct route to the amygdala.

Page 28: Low Road of Emotion

  • Simple emotions like fear quickly process through the low road directly to the amygdala bypassing the cortex.

Page 29: High Road of Emotion

  • Complex emotions take the high road, involving cognition and analysis in the cortex before response.

Page 30: Cognition Relationships

  • Questions relating to emotions likely to require higher cognitive processing.

Page 31: Open-Ended Question

  • Encourage open responses regarding emotional interpretations.

Page 32: Modern Theory #3: Always Cognition

  • Appraisal occurs even effortlessly before emotional responses according to this theory.

Page 33: Weakness of Theory #3

  • Critique: Some emotions arise immediately without any apparent appraisal.

Page 34: Comparison of Modern Theories

  • Overview of how modern theories align or conflict on the importance of cognition in emotions.

Page 35: Summary of Historical Theories

  • Brief recap of the five major historical and modern theories of emotion.

Page 36: Facial Feedback Hypothesis

  • Suggests facial expressions can influence emotional experiences.

Page 37: Research on Facial Feedback

  • Japanese study with rubber bands affecting facial muscle states and emotions.

Page 38: Predicting Results of Study

  • Consider how facial expressions could affect emotional reports among students.

Page 39: Study Results

  • Findings confirm that facial states influence feelings, supporting Historical Theory #1.

Page 40: Mixed Results of Facial Feedback Research

  • Although replicated, findings on the facial feedback hypothesis remain inconsistent.

Page 41: The Broaden and Build Theory

  • Positive emotions expand awareness and can strengthen resources and coping abilities.

Page 42: Broaden and Build Theory on Negative Emotions

  • Contrast between broadening positive reactions and narrowed focus during negative ones.

Page 43: Practice Broaden and Build

  • Engage in exercises to apply Broaden and Build principles.

Page 44: Quiz

  • Quiz over emotions and their primary types.

Page 45: Quiz Example

  • Scenario examining primary emotions using examples.

Page 46: Quiz Example 2

  • Another scenario focusing on primary emotions in decision-making.

Page 47: Universality of Emotions

  • Introduction to universal expressions of emotion.

Page 48: Video on Universal Expressions

  • Presentation discussing whether emotions have universal expressions.

Page 49: Paul Ekman's Universal Emotions

  • Seven theorized universal emotions: Fear, Contempt, Sadness, Happiness, Surprise, Anger.

Page 50: Display Rules of Emotions

  • Cultural differences in emotional expression and empathy.

Page 51: Cultural Interpretation of Emotions

  • The impact of culture on emotional display and interpretation.