Concise Summary of Performing Arts Review

Introduction

  • Review of learned material.

  • Exercises included for practice and self-assessment.

Present Subjunctive Overview

  • Definition: Mood used to express actions viewed as unreal, uncertain, or non-specific.

  • Difference from Indicative: Subjunctive indicates uncertainty; indicative states facts.

Formation of the Present Subjunctive

  1. Start with present tense "yo" form.

  2. Remove the final "-o".

  3. Add personal endings (opposite vowel):

    • -ar verbs: -e

    • -er/-ir verbs: -a

Conjugation Patterns

  • -ar verbs:

    • yo: -e | tú: -es | él/ella/Ud: -e | nosotros: -emos | vosotros: -éis | ellos/ellas/Uds: -en

  • -er/-ir verbs:

    • yo: -a | tú: -as | él/ella/Ud: -a | nosotros: -amos | vosotros: -áis | ellos/ellas/Uds: -an

Example Conjugations

  • Hablar: hable, hables, hable, hablemos, habléis, hablen

  • Comer: coma, comas, coma, comamos, comáis, coman

  • Tener: tenga, tengas, tenga, tengamos, tengáis, tengan

Stem-Changing Verbs

  • Changes affected by present tense forms.

    • Dormir: duerma, duermas, durmamos, durmáis, duerman

    • Pedir: pida, pidas, pidamos, pidáis, pidan

Uses of the Present Subjunctive

  1. Verbs of Desire/Influence:

    • Structure: Verb #1 + "que" + Verb #2 (subjunctive). Example: "Mi profesor quiere que nosotros estudiemos más."

  2. Expressions of Doubt/Uncertainty: Indicate doubt before a subjunctive clause.

    • Example: "No creo que los Lakers ganen."

  3. Impersonal Expressions: use of "es + adjective + que" triggers subjunctive:

    • Example: "Es bueno que no tengamos tarea."

Indefinite Subjects in Subjunctive

  • Describes non-specific entities.

    • Example: "Busco un actor que cante bien."

Commands in Subjunctive

  • Nosotros Commands: Used to include the speaker in a suggestion.

    • Example: "¡Terminemos!"

Vocabulary

  • Theater: el drama, la obra, el escenario, el público.

  • Arguing: enojado(a), discutir, pedir perdón.

  • Music Genres: el rock, la música clásica.

  • TV Vocabulary: la tele, el televisor, el programa.

Interjections and Expressions

  • Used to express emotions or reactions.

  • Examples: ¡Ay!, ¡puf!, ¡hurra!.

Review Exercises

  • Multiple-choice and short-answer questions included for reinforcement.