Leadership and Management quiz 4

LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT

Overview

  • Course: BUAD100, Spring 26

  • Week: 12 (Monday, April 20 & Wednesday, April 22, 2026)

Exploring Leadership

Activity: Drawing Exercise

  • Students are prompted to take 5 minutes to draw their perception of an effective leader.

  • The drawing does not need to be artistic and can include speech bubbles to express their ideas.

Gender and Leadership Perceptions

Research Insights

  • Most individuals tend to draw a male figure when envisioning a leader.

  • Dr. Kiefer’s email highlights that even gender-neutral drawings often use masculine language (e.g., "he").

  • Clients may mean "he" as both genders, indicating unconscious biases.

Key Findings from Organizational Psychology Studies

  • Studies indicate that women find it more challenging to be recognized as leaders compared to men.

  • Example: Even when reading identical scripts, only the male's leadership potential is acknowledged.

Data on Female Leaders

Female Representation in Congress

  • 119th Congress (2025):   - 28% of congressional representatives are women (up from 6% in 1991).   - Significant increases recorded between 2018-2019 and 2020-2021.   - Historical data charts progress from 3.0% (1971) to 28.7% (2025).

Female Representation in the Senate

  • U.S. Senate (1965-2025):   - 2% of seats held by women in 1965, increased to 25% by 2019.   - Chart tracking from 1965 to 2025 confirms gradual increase.

Female Representation in the House of Representatives

  • U.S. House (1965-2025):   - Started at 2.3% in 1965, projected to reach 28.7% by 2025.   - Highlights ongoing challenges despite growth in representation.

Female Leaders in the Financial Sector

C-Suite Representation

  • Global Trends (2012-2022):   - Notable shifts in women holding C-suite positions in financial services.   - Numerical representation varied by region, with further projections to 2031.

Fortune 500 Board Membership Trends

Historical Data (1995-2023)

  • Women Board Members: Gradual increase over decades.

Diversity in CEO Positions

Racial and Ethnic Diversity

  • Graph illustrating shift towards diverse CEOs from 2004 to 2024.

  • Data lists percentage of companies with leaders from various racial and ethnic backgrounds.

Noteworthy Firsts in Fortune 500 Leadership

  • Pioneering Figures:   - Katharine Graham (1972) - First Female CEO   - Roberto Goizueta (1981) - First Latino Male CEO   - Ursula M. Burns (2009) - First Black Female CEO   - Tim Cook (2011) - First Openly LGBTQ+ Male CEO   - Geisha Williams (2017) - First Latina Female CEO

Leadership vs. Management

Definitions Comparison

Manager

  • Focuses on Tasks: Responsible for executing pre-planned activities with the help of subordinates.

  • Functions include:
      - Planning
      - Organizing
      - Leading
      - Controlling

  • Managerial Responsibilities: Overseeing groups to achieve objectives.

Leader

  • Focuses on People: Thinks ahead and seizes opportunities to influence and motivate.

  • Emphasizes communication to inspire teams.

  • Leadership encompasses vision and influence, distinct from the structural focus of management.

Conceptualizing Leadership

Characteristics of Leaders vs. Managers

  • Leaders:   - Visionaries, looking ahead for organizational advancement.   - Influence and alignment of people is crucial, not merely task assignment.   - Ask what and why.

  • Managers:   - Focus on achieving goals through structured processes (e.g., budgeting).   - Break down long-term goals into achievable segments; concentrate on how and when.

Understanding Leadership

Definition and Quotations

  • Management: "Doing things right;" Leadership: "Doing the right things."

  • Drucker's view: Leadership elevates vision and performance beyond standard limits.

  • Tom Landry: Leadership is guiding people to do what they may resist to achieve goals.

  • L. David Marquet: Leadership entails empowering others to take control and become leaders themselves.

Benefits of Effective Leadership

Impact on Employees and Customers

  • Employee Retention: Valued employees are likely to remain longer.

  • Customer Satisfaction: Understanding customer needs leads to better product/service development.

  • Improved Productivity: Motivated staff aligns with shared vision and goals.

Enhancing Leadership Effectiveness

Simon Sinek's Perspective

  • Leadership originates from passion rather than stress.

  • Founded The Optimism Company to promote inspirational leadership.

  • Noteworthy TED Talk: "How great leaders inspire action."

Leadership Needs Framework

  • Four Basic Needs:
      - Trust
      - Compassion
      - Stability
      - Hope

  • Introduction to StrengthsFinder tool for identifying personal strengths.

Developing Leadership Skills

Strategies for College Students

  1. Join professional associations or community organizations to find role models.

  2. Seek mentors and solicit feedback on leadership techniques.

  3. Enhance communication and active listening skills; practice self-reflection.

  4. Showcase workplace contributions thoughtfully (e.g., presentations).

  5. Embrace discomfort; grow through breaking comfort zone limitations.

Conclusion on Leadership

  • Leadership transcends titles; it’s characterized by influence, integrity, and overall impact.