Global Demography Notes

Global Demography

Learning Objective

  • Explain the theory of the demographic transition and its effects on the global population.

Quick Survey Questions

  • Relationship status:
    • Single
    • In a relationship
    • Married/Live-in
    • It’s complicated
  • Preference on marriage:
    • Want to get married
    • Don’t want to get married
    • Undecided
    • Ideal age for marriage (for those who want to get married).
  • Preference on having children:
    • Want to have children
    • Don’t want to have children
    • Undecided
    • Ideal number of children (for those who want children):
      • 1-3
      • 4-6
      • 7 or more
  • Preference on lifestyle:
    • City life
    • Farm/rural life
    • Going abroad
    • Other (specify)

Population Distribution (2024)

The population is categorized by 5-year age groups and sex, showing the distribution of males and females across different age brackets.

Philippine Demographics (2020 and 2015)

  • Age-Sex Pyramid:
    • 2020: Household Population of 100.57 million
    • 2015: Household Population of 108.67 million
    • Visual representation of age distribution for both males and females.
  • Sex Ratio by Selected Age Group (Philippines, 2020):
    • 0-14 years old: 107 males per 100 females
    • 15-64 years old: 103 males per 100 females
    • 65 years old and over: 73 males per 100 females

Philippine Statistics Authority (March 2024)

  • Fact Sheet on Women and Men in the Philippines:
    • Population:
      • Women: 56.6 million
      • Men: 57.6 million
    • Projected Life Expectancy at Birth:
      • Women: 77.54 years
      • Men: 71.26 years

Global Demography

  • Economics of Population
  • Politics of Population
  • Culture surrounding Population

Malthusian Model & Population Control

  • Population control policies are often rooted in economic considerations due to the Malthusian model.
  • Question: Is population growth to blame for economic challenges, or is it wealth distribution?

Theory of Demographic Transition

  • Contemporary economic successes and technological innovations can be attributed to global population growth.
  • Population growth spurs technological and institutional innovation and increases human ingenuity (Bloom and Canning, 2005, as cited by Claudio and Abinales, 2022).
  • Economic crises are framed as an issue of wealth distribution rather than overpopulation.

Women and the State: Struggle for Reproductive Rights

  • Women are central in debates on population control for economic equilibrium, influencing policies on family planning and abortion.

Cultural Genocide as Population Control

  • Canada’s “Residential School System” aimed to integrate the native population into Western culture.

Anti-Immigration Policies

  • In the Global North, anti-immigration sentiments are rooted in rising immigrant and declining domestic populations.

Other Considerations

  • Rural families often prefer more children compared to urban families.
  • The idea of a “population bomb” is sometimes used to justify actions (e.g., the war on drugs campaign in the Philippines).

Next Session

  • Week 14: Global Migration