Chapter 2

Product of two values
- Coefficient (between 1 and 9)
- Multiplier (10 raised to a power, shifts the decimal to left or right)
- Negative → Left
- Position → Right

Multiplication

Division

Unit of measurement - quantities with accepted values that can be communicated between people

We use the English unit

The international scientific community uses $fundamental units$ which are based on the metric system for easier communication

The metric system uses prefixes to describe larger or smaller amounts.

$Accuracy$ - how reliable a series of measurements are

$Precision$ - how finely tuned measurements are

We can estimate one digit between the marked values

==Significant digits: Indicate how precisely we know a measurement==

All nonzero digits are significant, and all zeros between nonzero digits are significant.
If a decimal point is present, zeros to the right of the last nonzero digit are significant
Zeros to the left of the nonzero are never significant
If there is no decimal point present, zeros to the right of the last nonzero may or may not be significant

Values for which there is no uncertainty

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When ==multiplying or dividing==, report the same number of digits as are in the least precise starting measurement

1. When ==adding or subtracting==, round to the last decimal place of the least precise starting measurement

1. If a calculation involved multiple steps, wait until the end to round to significant digits

Whatever we do to the number, we also do to the units
Example:
- Conversion Factor - Fractions that contain equivalent amounts of different units in the numerator and in the denominator