Behaviorism and Observable Learning

Behaviorism and Observable Learning

Core Idea

• Behaviorists focus on observable behavior; internal thoughts or mental states are not studied.
• Learning is evidenced by changes in behavior, not by unobservable cognition.

How Learning Happens

• Through direct learning (instruction, practice) or through observation of others (modeling).
• Observed, measurable behavior is the basis for study and theory.

Key Example to Illustrate Learning

• Middle finger gesture: not innate; learned via direct instruction or observation.
• Demonstrates that social meanings are acquired and reflected in observable behavior.

Notable Figures

• Ivan Pavlov
• John Watson
• BF Skinner

Takeaways

• Psychology should study what can be observed and measured.
• All learning is reflected in observable behavior; private thoughts are outside the scope of behaviorism.