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Dance can be characterized as movement — the movement of the human body in relation to time and space.
Dancing is a means of expressing one’s emotions through movement disciplined by rhythm.
It is an act of moving rhythmically and expressively to an accompaniment.
The word “dancing” came from an old German word “danson” which means to “stretch”.

known as the “Mother of Philippine Folk Dancing”.
Born: March $9$ , $1899$
Died: November $21$ , $1983$ (age $84$ years)
Awards: Republic Award of Merit (1954); Ramon Magsaysay Award (1962); Order of National Artists of the Philippines
Children: Cecilia T. Martinez
Spouse: Ramon P. Tolentino, Jr. (m. $1934$ – $1939$ )
Parents: Felipe Reyes, Juliana Santos
Notable work: Philippine Folk Dances and Games (1926)

is a Filipino dancer and academic known for her studies and promotion of the pangalay dance tradition of the southern Philippines and is a recipient of the Ramon Magsaysay Award.
Born: October $9$ , $1942$ (age $82$ years)
Education: Far Eastern University (FEU)
Dances: Pangalay

DANCE FORMS • BALLET – originated in the Italian courts during the Renaissance period.
ALIGNMENT – proper alignment is the foundation of all dance techniques, and is related to developing good posture.
- Posture is defined as the arrangement of the different parts of the body (smith et al. $1996$ ) and relates to the position of the joints at a given situation (kendall et al. $1952$ ).

Here are the five positions of the feet in ballet:
$1$ . First Position: Heels together, feet turned out so the toes point in opposite directions.
$2$ . Second Position: Feet are turned out, with heels spaced apart at a distance of about one foot length.

$3$ . Third Position: One foot is placed in front of the other, with the heel of the front foot touching the arch of the back foot.
$4$ . Fourth Position: One foot is placed in front of the other, with a space between them, similar to the spacing in second position, but with one foot in front.

$5$ . Fifth Position: Feet are turned out, with the heel of the front foot touching the toe of the back foot, and vice versa.

DANCE FORMS • TURN-OUT – This is the natural rotation from the hips, making the knees and toes point diagonally outward.
WEIGHT DISTRIBUTION AND BALANCE – the proper distribution of weight among the legs develops balance and strength, and makes the performer move efficiently without falling down.
PULL-UP – means that the performer feels the floor under her feet while consciously thinking of his or her muscles stretching upward. It can be described as “feeling tall”.

FOLK DANCE - This is a traditional or native dance form arranged to express a people’s distinct cultural thoughts, emotions, and way of life. It is handed from generation to generation.
Tinikling is a traditional Philippine folk dance that imitates the movement of birds dodging over bamboo traps.
BALLROOM DANCE – is a traditional partnered dance form performed by a couple in a closed dance position (embrace).

HIP-HOP DANCE - is a cultural movement best known for its impact on music in the form of the musical genre of the same name.
It originates in Bronx, part of New York City during the 1970s.
It was popularized by African American communities and was influenced by Latin Americans.
The culture of Hip-hop is composed of pillars like D-Jing, rapping, breakdancing and graffiti art.

LOCKING – Involves freezing from a fast movement and “Locking” in a certain position, holding that position for a short while and then continuing in the same speed as before.
POPPING – Involves continuous contraction of the muscles to the beat (like a force of energy going through the body causing it to move like a wave) to give a jerky/snapping effect—bouncy style.
BREAKING OR B-BOYING – Commonly called breakdancing. Consist of four basic elements: toprock, downrock, freeze and power moves.

Four Elements: Toprock – Footwork-oriented steps performed while standing
Downrock – Footwork performed with both hands and feet on the floor
Freezes – Stylish poses done on your hands
Power moves – Comprise full-body spins and rotations that give the illusion of defying gravity

LINE DANCING – this dance is choreographed to a specific music with repeated number of sequenced steps where people dance in lines and rows.
AEROBICS – the term aerobics was coined by Dr. Kenneth Cooper in 1968. He was a researcher and flight surgeon for the US Air Force who conducted experiments on aerobic capacity. Jacki Sorensen was an Air Force wife with a background in dance who was asked to develop a fitness television program for other Air Force wives at the base.