2.3 Currency fluctuations 

• Exchange rate (including exchange rate currency conversions)

• Factors affecting the exchange rate?

• Winners and losers of a low Canadian dollar

Exporters - Canadian tourism - Canadian retailers, they benefit Canada's manufacturing sector, foreign tourists visit Canada because their dollar buys more CAD, and retail prices online or in person are expensive. They’re winning because they gain more money.

Explanation; The winners of low Canadian dollar is Exporters because they gain more money for example foreign tourists visit Canada because their dollar buys more CAD, and retail prices online or in person are expensive. \n

Importers - Canadian travelers - Major League sports teams in Canada are the losers of low Canadian dollar because it’s more expensive to import and sell products in Canada, it costs more to travel to the united states for work or for pleasure, and professional sports teams that play in Canada pay them in USD to entice them to play here.

Explanation: The losers of low Canadian dollar are importers because they tend to lose money/not make that much for example; it’s more expensive to import and sell products in Canada, and professional sports teams that play in Canada pay them in USD to entice them to play here.

Hard currency is a stable and reliable form of currency that is issued by the government and widely accepted around the world.

• The U.S. dollar (USD)
• The euro (EUR)
• The Canadian dollar (CAD)
• The British pound sterling (GBP)
• The Japanese yen (JPY)
• The Australian dollar (AUD)
• The Swiss franc (CHF)

Soft currency is an unstable form of currency that is nonconvertible, fluctuates erratically, and/or depreciates against other currencies.

• The Venezuelan bolivar (VEF)

• The Zimbabwe dollar (ZWL)

• Syrian pound (SYP)

• Turkish lira (TRY)

• West African franc (CFA)

• Egyptian pound (EGP)

• Russian Ruble (RUB)

• Chinese yuan.

• Speculating

Currency speculation is buying, holding, or selling foreign currency in anticipation of its value changing.

\n Why is Canadian dollar low

• Low oil prices
• High houses prices in Toronto & Vancouver
• Threat protection policy from America