Spanish Vocabulary and Expressions

Vocabulary: Adjectives

Positive Adjectives

  • artístico, -a – Artistic, creative

  • atlético, -a – Athletic, physically fit

  • bien educado, -a – Well-mannered, polite

  • cortés – Courteous, respectful

  • divertido, -a – Fun, amusing

Negative Adjectives

  • aburrido, -a – Boring, uninteresting

  • desordenado, -a – Messy, disorganized

  • mal educado, -a – Rude, poorly behaved

  • perezoso, -a – Lazy

  • tonto, -a – Foolish, lacking common sense

Neutral Adjectives

  • inteligente – Intelligent, smart

  • serio, -a – Serious, solemn

  • tranquilo, -a – Calm, peaceful

  • talentoso, -a – Talented, skilled

Common Actions and Activities

Social Interactions

  • charlar – To chat

  • reunirse – To meet or gather

  • salir – To go out

  • divertirse – To have fun

  • pasarlo bien – To have a good time

Communication and Expression

  • enviar correo electrónico – To send an email

  • escribir cartas – To write letters

  • hablar mal (de) – To speak poorly of someone

  • gritar – To shout

  • llorar – To cry

Time Expressions and Frequency

Daily and Weekly Activities

  • los días de semana – Weekdays (Monday–Friday)

  • los fines de semana – Weekends (Saturday and Sunday)

  • durante – During

  • por la mañana/tarde/noche – In the morning/afternoon/night

Temporal Prepositions

  • antes (de) – Before

  • después (de) – After

  • hasta – Until

Emotional Expressions and Reactions

Emotional Responses

  • enojarse – To get angry

  • importar – To matter, be important

  • emocionarse – To get excited

  • pelearse – To fight or argue

Expressions of Affection and Conflict

  • abrazarse – To hug each other

  • besarse – To kiss each other

  • saludarse – To greet each other

  • quitarse – To take off

Notes

  • Positive adjectives denote favorable traits (e.g., fun, polite).

  • Negative adjectives denote unfavorable traits (e.g., boring, rude).

  • Time expressions help indicate when actions take place, essential for understanding daily routines.

  • Emotional expressions can indicate the feelings associated with actions or traits, aiding in social contexts and relationships.

  • abrazarse – To hug each other

  • besarse – To kiss each other

  • saludarse – To greet each other

  • ayudarse – To help each other

  • entenderse – To understand each other

  • llevarse bien – To get along well

  • llevarse mal – To get along poorly

  • contarse – To tell each other

  • hablarse – To talk to each other

  • pelearse – To fight or argue

  • conocerse – To get to know each other

  • escribirse – To write to each other

  • verse – To see each other

  • irse – To go away from each other

  • parecerse – To resemble each other

  • perderse – To get lost

  • volverse – To become (of a state or condition)

  • quedarse – To stay or remain

Common Expressions and Reactions

  • ¡basta! – Enough! / Stop!

  • ¡déjame en paz! – Leave me alone!

  • ¡tú tampoco! – You too!

  • ¡uf! – Phew! / Ugh!

  • ¡yo también! – Me too!

  • a mí no… – Not for me…

  • a mí sí… – For me, yes…

  • a mí también… – For me too…

  • a mí tampoco… – For me neither…