Crushing a solid increases its surface area, allowing it to dissolve more quickly.
Hot coffee dissolves sugar faster than cold coffee.
Stirring a mixture also speeds up dissolution.
Solubility
Solubility is the amount of solute that dissolves in a given amount of solvent at a specific temperature. Example: 35.9 grams of table salt dissolve in 100 grams of water at 20 degrees Celsius.
Saturated Solutions
A saturated solution cannot dissolve any more solute for a given amount of solvent at a specific temperature; any extra solute will sink.
Adding more solvent or heating the solution can allow more solute to dissolve.
Unsaturated Solutions
An unsaturated solution has room for more solute to dissolve.
Solubility Curve Graph
Solubility curves show how much solute can dissolve in a solvent at different temperatures; usually, as temperature increases, the solubility of a solid increases.
You can determine the solubility of a substance at a specific temperature using the graph, noting the grams of solute that dissolve in 100 grams of water.