Nouns

Noun determiners:

Definite articles (the) - gendered - masculine or feminine

Indefinite articles - (a) - një - ungendered

Indefinite:
The singular indefinite article "një" is the same for both masculine and feminine nouns. There are no indefinite plural articles.

Definite:
The definite articles (both prepositive and postpositive) have distinct forms for masculine and feminine nouns in the singular. In the plural, the prepositive article is the same for both genders (të), but the postpositive suffixes have slightly different typical endings for masculine and feminine nouns.

Masculine singular definite nouns ending in consonants:-

• -i - indefinite nouns ending in consonant (e.g. libër - libri)

• -u - indefinite nouns ending in -k, -g, -h (e.g. park - parku)

Masculine plural definite nouns:

• -t - indefinite plural nouns ending in consonant (e.g. djem - djempt)

• -t, -jt, -it - indefinite plural nouns ending in a vowels -a or -e or -ë and/or if the singular ends in -k, -g, -h (e.g. libra - librat)

Feminine singular definite nouns:

• -a - indefinite singular nouns ending in ‘ë’ (e.g. shtëpi - shtepia; vazjë - vazja)

• -ja - indefinite singular nouns ending in ‘a’ and ‘e’ (e.g. dera - derja; mace - macja)

Feminine plural singular nouns:

• -t - indefinite plural nouns ending in ‘a’ and ‘e’ (e.g. vazja - vazjat; skholla - skhollat;

• -të- plural indefinite form retains the -ë or -i ending of the singular feminine noun. e.g.:

  • singular indefinite: natë (night - feminine)

    • plural indefinite: netë (nights) - same ending as singular

    • plural definite: netët (the nights)

  • singular indefinite: këngë (song - feminine)

    • plural indefinite: këngë (songs) - same ending as singular

    • plural definite: këngët (the songs)

  • singular indefinite: udhë (road/way - feminine)

    • plural indefinite: udhë (roads/ways) - same ending as singular

    • plural definite: udhët (the roads/ways)

  • singular indefinite: fletë (sheet/page - feminine)

    • plural indefinite: fletë (sheets/pages) - same ending as singular

    • plural definite: fletët (the sheets/pages)