SET 1

Vectors

1. A vector is different from a scalar because:

   a) A vector has only magnitude
   b) A vector has magnitude and direction
   c) A vector has only direction
   d) A vector can have negative values
   Answer: b) A vector has magnitude and direction

2. Which of the following quantities is NOT a vector?

   a) Displacement
   b) Acceleration
   c) Time
   d) Force
   Answer: c) Time

3. The direction of a vector is determined by:

   a) Its magnitude
   b) The angle it makes with a reference axis
   c) Its components
   d) Its unit
   Answer: b) The angle it makes with a reference axis

4. The negative of a vector points:

   a) In the same direction as the original vector
   b) Opposite to the original vector
   c) In a perpendicular direction to the original vector
   d) At an arbitrary angle to the original vector
   Answer: b) Opposite to the original vector

5. Two vectors of equal magnitude but opposite directions will result in:

   a) A vector double their magnitude
   b) A vector half their magnitude
   c) Zero vector
   d) A perpendicular vector
   Answer: c) Zero vector

Kinematics

6. Which of the following statements best describes velocity?

   a) The rate at which an object changes its position
   b) The total distance traveled by an object
   c) The time taken for an object to cover a distance
   d) The force applied to move an object
   Answer: a) The rate at which an object changes its position

7. When an object moves at constant speed but changes direction, it is said to be: a) Accelerating
   b) Decelerating
   c) In equilibrium
   d) Moving with uniform motion
   Answer: a) Accelerating

8. In the absence of air resistance, objects fall with constant:

   a) Speed
   b) Velocity
   c) Acceleration
   d) Momentum
   Answer: c) Acceleration

9. The slope of a velocity-time graph represents:

   a) Distance
   b) Speed
   c) Acceleration
   d) Work
   Answer: c) Acceleration

10. Which of the following is true for an object in free fall near Earth's surface?

    a) It falls with decreasing acceleration
    b) Its velocity remains constant
    c) Its acceleration is constant at approximately 9.8 m/s²
    d) It falls with increasing mass
    Answer: c) Its acceleration is constant at approximately 9.8 m/s²

Dynamics

11. Newton’s First Law is also known as the law of:

    a) Force
    b) Acceleration
    c) Inertia
    d) Energy
    Answer: c) Inertia

12. According to Newton’s Second Law, the acceleration of an object is:

    a) Directly proportional to the net force and inversely proportional to its mass
    b) Inversely proportional to the net force
    c) Independent of the net force
    d) Directly proportional to its mass and force
    Answer: a) Directly proportional to the net force and inversely proportional to its mass

13. If you double the net force on an object, its acceleration will:

    a) Remain the same
    b) Double
    c) Triple
    d) Be halved
    Answer: b) Double

14. Which of the following best defines inertia?

    a) The tendency of an object to move in a straight line
    b) The tendency of an object to resist any change in its state of motion
    c) The force exerted on an object by gravity
    d) The ability of an object to produce motion
    Answer: b) The tendency of an object to resist any change in its state of motion

15. Newton’s Third Law states:

    a) An object in motion will stay in motion unless acted upon by a force
    b) Force equals mass times acceleration
    c) For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction
    d) The net force on an object is zero if it is not accelerating
    Answer: c) For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction

Work

16. No work is done on an object if:

    a) The object is not displaced
    b) The force applied is greater than zero
    c) The object’s velocity increases
    d) The object’s mass decreases
    Answer: a) The object is not displaced

17. Work can be positive or negative depending on:

    a) The direction of the force relative to the displacement
    b) The mass of the object
    c) The velocity of the object
    d) The time over which the force is applied
    Answer: a) The direction of the force relative to the displacement

18. Which statement is true about work and energy?

    a) Work and energy are measured in different units
    b) Work can be done without transferring energy
    c) Work is a transfer of energy
    d) Work is only done when an object is at rest
    Answer: c) Work is a transfer of energy

19. A force applied perpendicular to the direction of motion does:

    a) Maximum work
    b) Minimum work
    c) Zero work
    d) Infinite work
    Answer: c) Zero work

20. Which of the following situations involves work being done?

    a) Holding a heavy box stationary above the ground
    b) Pushing a shopping cart a certain distance
    c) Walking with a backpack on level ground
    d) Standing still while holding a rope
    Answer: b) Pushing a shopping cart a certain distance

Energy

21. Energy is defined as:

    a) The rate of doing work
    b) The ability to do work
    c) The force applied over a distance
    d) The mass of an object
    Answer: b) The ability to do work

22. In an isolated system, mechanical energy is conserved when:

    a) No friction is present
    b) Only potential energy changes
    c) Only kinetic energy changes
    d) Both kinetic and potential energies are changing
    Answer: a) No friction is present

23. Which of the following is true for potential energy?

    a) It depends on the velocity of the object
    b) It depends on the position of the object
    c) It is always negative
    d) It is equal to mass times acceleration
    Answer: b) It depends on the position of the object

24. The total mechanical energy of a system is the sum of:

    a) Force and time
    b) Work and power
    c) Kinetic energy and potential energy
    d) Acceleration and velocity
    Answer: c) Kinetic energy and potential energy

25. An object at rest on top of a hill has maximum:

    a) Kinetic energy
    b) Potential energy
    c) Thermal energy
    d) Mechanical energy
    Answer: b) Potential energy

Power

26. Power measures:

    a) How much work is done
    b) The rate at which work is done
    c) The force applied to an object
    d) The energy stored in an object
    Answer: b) The rate at which work is done

27. If you complete a task faster, the power output:

    a) Decreases
    b) Increases
    c) Remains the same
    d) Depends on the energy used
    Answer: b) Increases

28. Power is measured in:

    a) Joules
    b) Newtons
    c) Watts
    d) Kilograms
    Answer: c) Watts

29. Which of the following devices converts energy into work most efficiently?

    a) A car engine
    b) An electric motor
    c) A light bulb
    d) A solar panel
    Answer: b) An electric motor

30. Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between work and power?

    a) Power is work done in a unit of time
    b) Work and power are unrelated
    c) Work is power times distance
    d) Power is work done per unit of force
    Answer: a) Power is work done in a unit of time

SET 2

Vectors

1. Which of the following is a scalar quantity?

   a) Displacement
   b) Velocity
   c) Force
   d) Speed
   Answer: d) Speed

2. If vector A has components (3, 4), what is the magnitude of A?

   a) 5
   b) 7
   c) 9
   d) 6
   Answer: a) 5

3. The resultant of two vectors can be zero if:

   a) They are in the same direction
   b) They are perpendicular
   c) They are in opposite directions with equal magnitude
   d) They are of unequal magnitudes in different directions
   Answer: c) They are in opposite directions with equal magnitude

4. If a vector A is multiplied by a scalar 3, the new vector:

   a) Has a magnitude of 3 times the original vector
   b) Has a direction opposite to A
   c) Has the same magnitude as A
   d) Has a magnitude smaller than A
   Answer: a) Has a magnitude of 3 times the original vector

5. The angle between two vectors is 90 degrees. What is their dot product?

   a) Zero
   b) Positive
   c) Negative
   d) Equal to 1
   Answer: a) Zero

Kinematics

6. A car accelerates uniformly from rest to 20 m/s in 10 seconds. What is the car’s acceleration?

   a) 1 m/s²
   b) 2 m/s²
   c) 3 m/s²
   d) 4 m/s²
   Answer: b) 2 m/s²

7. If a car travels at a constant speed of 60 km/h for 2 hours, how far does it travel?

   a) 30 km
   b) 60 km
   c) 120 km
   d) 180 km
   Answer: c) 120 km

8. An object is thrown vertically upward with an initial velocity of 20 m/s. What is its velocity at the highest point?

   a) 0 m/s
   b) 10 m/s
   c) 20 m/s
   d) 9.8 m/s
   Answer: a) 0 m/s

9. A ball is thrown horizontally from a cliff at 10 m/s. How far does it travel horizontally in 2 seconds (neglecting air resistance)?

   a) 10 m
   b) 20 m
   c) 30 m
   d) 40 m
   Answer: b) 20 m

10. Which of the following is NOT true for uniformly accelerated motion?

    a) The velocity changes by equal amounts in equal time intervals
    b) The acceleration is constant
    c) The object moves with a constant speed
    d) The displacement depends on the square of the time
    Answer: c) The object moves with a constant speed

Dynamics

11. According to Newton's First Law, a body will remain at rest or move with constant velocity unless:

    a) It is acted on by an unbalanced force
    b) Its mass is increased
    c) The speed decreases
    d) It loses energy
    Answer: a) It is acted on by an unbalanced force

12. If the net force on an object is zero, the object will:

    a) Accelerate
    b) Change direction
    c) Remain at rest or move with constant velocity
    d) Stop immediately
    Answer: c) Remain at rest or move with constant velocity

13. A 5 kg mass experiences a net force of 20 N. What is the acceleration?

    a) 2 m/s²
    b) 4 m/s²
    c) 5 m/s²
    d) 10 m/s²
    Answer: b) 4 m/s²

14. A force of 10 N is applied to push a box of 2 kg. What is the box's acceleration if there’s no friction?

    a) 2 m/s²
    b) 5 m/s²
    c) 10 m/s²
    d) 15 m/s²
    Answer: b) 5 m/s²

15. Which of the following statements about friction is true?

    a) Friction acts in the direction of motion
    b) Friction always acts to oppose motion
    c) Friction does not depend on the surface
    d) Friction is independent of the normal force
    Answer: b) Friction always acts to oppose motion

Work

16. Work is defined as the product of:

    a) Force and distance
    b) Force and displacement
    c) Force and time
    d) Force and velocity
    Answer: b) Force and displacement

17. A 10 N force moves an object 3 meters. What is the work done?

    a) 10 J
    b) 20 J
    c) 30 J
    d) 40 J
    Answer: c) 30 J

18. Which situation does NOT involve work being done?

    a) A person pushing a box across the floor
    b) Lifting a book from the ground
    c) Holding a book stationary above the ground
    d) Pulling a wagon along a path
    Answer: c) Holding a book stationary above the ground

19. Work is zero when:

    a) The force is applied perpendicular to the displacement
    b) The force and displacement are in the same direction
    c) The force and displacement are in opposite directions
    d) The object is accelerating
    Answer: a) The force is applied perpendicular to the displacement

20. A person lifts a 5 kg object 2 meters high. How much work is done by the person (g = 9.8 m/s²)?

    a) 9.8 J
    b) 19.6 J
    c) 49 J
    d) 98 J
    Answer: d) 98 J

Energy

21. The energy possessed by a moving object is called:

    a) Potential energy
    b) Kinetic energy
    c) Thermal energy
    d) Chemical energy
    Answer: b) Kinetic energy

22. A 2 kg mass is moving at a velocity of 5 m/s. What is its kinetic energy?

    a) 10 J
    b) 20 J
    c) 25 J
    d) 50 J
    Answer: c) 25 J

23. Potential energy depends on:

    a) The velocity of the object
    b) The position of the object in a force field
    c) The temperature of the object
    d) The speed of the object
    Answer: b) The position of the object in a force field

24. Which of the following is a type of potential energy?

    a) Chemical energy
    b) Kinetic energy
    c) Heat energy
    d) Electrical energy
    Answer: a) Chemical energy

25. If the speed of an object doubles, its kinetic energy:

    a) Stays the same
    b) Doubles
    c) Quadruples
    d) Triples
    Answer: c) Quadruples

Power

26. Power is defined as:

    a) Work done per unit time
    b) Force per unit area
    c) Energy per unit force
    d) Displacement per unit force
    Answer: a) Work done per unit time

27. A 60 W lightbulb consumes how much energy in 2 hours?

    a) 120 J
    b) 7200 J
    c) 432,000 J
    d) 7,200,000 J
    Answer: c) 432,000 J

28. Which of the following units is used to measure power?

    a) Joule
    b) Newton
    c) Watt
    d) Meter per second
    Answer: c) Watt

29. If a machine does 500 J of work in 10 seconds, what is its power output?

    a) 10 W
    b) 50 W
    c) 100 W
    d) 500 W
    Answer: b) 50 W

30. Which of the following situations represents the greatest power output?

    a) Lifting a 10 kg box 1 m in 10 seconds
    b) Lifting a 5 kg box 1 m in 5 seconds
    c) Lifting a 10 kg box 1 m in 5 seconds
    d) Lifting a 5 kg box 1 m in 10 seconds
    Answer: c) Lifting a 10 kg box 1 m in 5 seconds

SET 3

Vectors

1. You are pulling a sled with a rope that makes an angle of 30° with the horizontal. If you pull with a force of 50 N, what is the horizontal component of the force?

   a) 43.3 N
   b) 25 N
   c) 50 N
   d) 30 N
   Answer: a) 43.3 N

2. Two people push a car. One pushes with a force of 200 N to the east, and the other with a force of 150 N to the northeast. What is the resultant direction of the car’s movement?

   a) Directly east
   b) Slightly north of east
   c) Directly northeast
   d) Slightly south of east
   Answer: b) Slightly north of east

3. A boat is heading north at 10 m/s, while the river current flows east at 5 m/s. What is the boat’s resultant velocity?

   a) 5 m/s
   b) 10 m/s
   c) 11.18 m/s
   d) 15 m/s
   Answer: c) 11.18 m/s

4. A plane needs to fly due east, but there is a 60 km/h wind blowing from the north. If the plane’s airspeed is 200 km/h, in what direction should it fly to compensate for the wind?

   a) Directly east
   b) Slightly north of east
   c) Slightly south of east
   d) Directly north
   Answer: b) Slightly north of east

5. Two displacement vectors have magnitudes of 3 km and 4 km, respectively. If they are perpendicular to each other, what is the magnitude of their resultant displacement?

   a) 1 km
   b) 5 km
   c) 7 km
   d) 12 km
   Answer: b) 5 km

Kinematics

6. A car travels for 2 hours at 60 km/h and then for 1 hour at 80 km/h. What is the car’s average speed for the entire trip?

   a) 60 km/h
   b) 66.67 km/h
   c) 70 km/h
   d) 80 km/h
   Answer: b) 66.67 km/h

7. A stone is dropped from a bridge and hits the water below in 4 seconds. What is the approximate height of the bridge?

   a) 19.6 m
   b) 39.2 m
   c) 78.4 m
   d) 156.8 m
   Answer: c) 78.4 m

8. A ball is thrown vertically upward with a velocity of 20 m/s. How long will it take to reach its highest point?

   a) 2 seconds
   b) 3 seconds
   c) 4 seconds
   d) 5 seconds
   Answer: a) 2 seconds

9. A cyclist starts from rest and accelerates at a rate of 2 m/s² for 5 seconds. What is the cyclist’s velocity at the end of this period?

   a) 5 m/s
   b) 10 m/s
   c) 15 m/s
   d) 20 m/s
   Answer: b) 10 m/s

10. A train moving at 90 km/h slows down uniformly to a stop in 10 seconds. What is its acceleration?

    a) 1 m/s²
    b) 2.5 m/s²
    c) -2.5 m/s²
    d) -1 m/s²
    Answer: c) -2.5 m/s²

Dynamics

11. A 50 kg box is pushed with a horizontal force of 200 N. If the coefficient of kinetic friction between the box and the floor is 0.3, what is the acceleration of the box?

    a) 0.98 m/s²
    b) 1.96 m/s²
    c) 2.35 m/s²
    d) 3.43 m/s²
    Answer: b) 1.96 m/s²

12. A 60 kg astronaut in space pushes on a 120 kg satellite with a force of 30 N. What is the acceleration of the satellite?

    a) 0.25 m/s²
    b) 0.5 m/s²
    c) 1.0 m/s²
    d) 2.0 m/s²
    Answer: a) 0.25 m/s²

13. A car of mass 1000 kg is traveling at 20 m/s when the driver suddenly applies the brakes, bringing the car to a stop in 5 seconds. What is the magnitude of the braking force?

    a) 2000 N
    b) 4000 N
    c) 5000 N
    d) 6000 N
    Answer: b) 4000 N

14. A 10 kg object is at rest on a frictionless surface. A horizontal force of 20 N is applied to it. What will be its velocity after 4 seconds?

    a) 5 m/s
    b) 8 m/s
    c) 10 m/s
    d) 12 m/s
    Answer: b) 8 m/s

15. Two children pull on a toy in opposite directions. Child A pulls with 15 N to the left, while child B pulls with 10 N to the right. What is the net force on the toy?

    a) 5 N to the left
    b) 5 N to the right
    c) 25 N to the left
    d) 25 N to the right
    Answer: a) 5 N to the left

Work

16. A person pushes a lawnmower with a force of 100 N at an angle of 30° to the horizontal. If the person moves the lawnmower 20 meters, how much work is done?

    a) 1000 J
    b) 1732 J
    c) 1500 J
    d) 2000 J
    Answer: a) 1000 J

17. A crane lifts a 500 kg object to a height of 20 meters. How much work is done by the crane?

    a) 9800 J
    b) 49000 J
    c) 10000 J
    d) 19600 J
    Answer: b) 98000 J

18. A weightlifter lifts a 200 kg barbell from the ground to a height of 2 meters. How much work does the weightlifter do?

    a) 1960 J
    b) 3920 J
    c) 980 J
    d) 4410 J
    Answer: b) 3920 J

19. A worker pushes a crate with a force of 80 N over a distance of 5 meters. If the force is applied at an angle of 45°, how much work is done?

    a) 200 J
    b) 282.8 J
    c) 400 J
    d) 565.6 J
    Answer: b) 282.8 J

20. A car engine applies a force of 500 N to move the car a distance of 100 meters. How much work is done by the engine?

    a) 5000 J
    b) 25000 J
    c) 50000 J
    d) 100000 J
    Answer: c) 50000 J

Energy

21. A roller coaster starts from rest at a height of 50 meters. What is the potential energy of the roller coaster (mass = 500 kg) at the top of the hill?

    a) 24,500 J
    b) 98,000 J
    c) 245,000 J
    d) 500,000 J
    Answer: c) 245,000 J

22. A 10 kg object is moving with a velocity of 3 m/s. What is its kinetic energy?

    a) 45 J
    b) 90 J
    c) 135 J
    d) 180 J
    Answer: b) 45 J

23. A spring with a spring constant of 200 N/m is compressed by 0.5 meters. What is the potential energy stored in the spring?

    a) 12.5 J
    b) 25 J
    c) 50 J
    d) 100 J
    Answer: b) 25 J

24. A 2 kg ball is dropped from a height of 10 meters. Assuming no air resistance, what is its kinetic energy just before hitting the ground?

    a) 98 J
    b) 196 J
    c) 392 J
    d) 784 J
    Answer: b) 196 J

25. A pendulum has 100 J of potential energy at its highest point. Assuming no energy is lost, how much kinetic energy does it have at its lowest point?

    a) 0 J
    b) 50 J
    c) 100 J
    d) 200 J
    Answer: c) 100 J

Power

26. A motor does 3000 J of work in 5 seconds. What is the power output of the motor?

    a) 500 W
    b) 600 W
    c) 750 W
    d) 1000 W
    Answer: c) 600 W

27. A 100 W light bulb is on for 2 hours. How much energy does it use?

    a) 0.1 kWh
    b) 0.2 kWh
    c) 0.4 kWh
    d) 0.5 kWh
    Answer: b) 0.2 kWh

28. A person runs up a flight of stairs 5 meters high in 10 seconds. If the person’s mass is 70 kg, what is their power output?

    a) 343 W
    b) 490 W
    c) 686 W
    d) 700 W
    Answer: c) 343 W

29. A car engine generates 2500 W of power. How much work does it do in 10 seconds?

    a) 2500 J
    b) 5000 J
    c) 25000 J
    d) 50000 J
    Answer: c) 25000 J

30. A crane lifts a 2000 kg object to a height of 10 meters in 8 seconds. What is the power output of the crane?

    a) 1250 W
    b) 2450 W
    c) 4900 W
    d) 9800 W
    Answer: c) 2450 W