Windows 10 Notes

Windows 10

Learning Objectives

• LO 4.1 Select a Windows 10 edition and method of installation, then install and configure Windows 10 on a laptop or PC.
• LO 4.2 Perform appropriate post-installation tasks to prepare Windows 10 for everyday use.
• LO 4.3 Practice working with the new features of the Windows 10 GUI.
• LO 4.4 Manage local security in Windows 10.

Installing Windows 10

Windows 10 Editions

• Volume Licensing: Licensing option for organizations.
• Retail: Standard consumer purchase.
• Education Edition: Designed for educational institutions.
• Enterprise Editions: For large enterprises with advanced needs.
• Windows 10 Home Edition: For consumers with basic needs, suitable for PCs, laptops, and tablets.
• Windows 10 Pro Edition: For business or advanced consumers using PCs, laptops, and tablets.

Comparison of Windows 10 Home & Pro Editions

System Requirements

• Processor: 1 GHz or faster.
• RAM: Minimum 1 GB for 32-bit Windows 10, minimum 2 GB for 64-bit Windows 10.
• Graphics: DirectX 9 graphics device with WDDM 1.0.
• Screen Resolution: 1,024 x 600 minimum, 1,366 x 768 recommended.
• Optional: Multitouch-capable touchscreen, touchpad, mouse.

Multitouch Support

• Windows 10 supports multitouch input on devices with touchscreens.

Upgrading to Windows 10

• Upgrade: Transition from a previous Windows version to Windows 10.
• Modest system requirements.
• Previous versions of Windows are not supported.
• Smoother and faster upgrade process compared to previous versions.
• The OS is installed directly over the previous OS.
• Settings and data are preserved.

Free Upgrade Offer

• Offer Period: Began on July 29, 2015.
• Available for one year after the release date.
• Applicable only to legally licensed previous versions of Windows.

Downside to Upgrading to Windows 10: Removed/Replaced Features

• Windows Virtual PC with Windows XP Mode.
• Windows Media Center.
• Windows 7 Gadgets.
• The ability to disable automatic Windows Update for Windows 10 Home.
• Several games removed (e.g., Solitaire replaced with a new version).
• Windows Live Essentials.
• OneDrive app (functionality now integrated into File Explorer).

Preparing to Install Windows 10

• Update Windows: Ensure the current OS is up to date.
• Backup Your Data: Protect against data loss during installation.
• Update Firmware: Keep the system firmware current.
• Acquire Updated Drivers: Have the latest drivers for hardware components.

Microsoft Product Activation

• Anti-piracy tool: Ensures software is licensed.
• Windows 10 is activated automatically.
• Retail versions allow only one instance.
• If there is no Internet during install, activation is attempted at the next connection.
• After several attempts, manual activation is required via Update & Security Settings.

Choosing How to Sign In

• Local Account: Access to local resources only.
• Microsoft Account: Access to local resources and Microsoft services.
• Domain Account: Access to local resources and domain resources.

Preparing to Install into a Virtual Machine

• Install a hypervisor and create a virtual machine (VM).
• Ensure the VM boots from the setup drive.
• Setup drive can be media that contains an ISO image or a physical/virtual DVD drive.
• Change DVD settings to the location of the ISO.
• Restart the VM.

Installation Methods

Web-Based Setup

• Quick and online process.
• Combines traditional Windows Setup with Migration Tools.
• Windows Upgrade Advisor.
• Very little user interaction required.

Bootable Media

• Windows 10 is not sold on DVD; available for purchase on USB or as a download.
• Use the Online Windows Media Creation Tool to create bootable media (USB flash drive or ISO file).

Beginning Windows Setup

• Boot from media for a clean installation.
• Sign in to previous Windows for upgrade.
• Use the Windows Preinstallation Environment (Windows PE).
  • Scaled-down Windows OS.
  • Supports Windows Setup GUI.
  • Collects configuration information.

Step-by-Step Installation Guide

• Steps 1 through 15 (refer to the slides for detailed instructions).

Post-Installation Tasks

• Get Acquainted with the GUI.
• Install and Troubleshoot Drivers.
• Personalize Windows 10.
• Configure Windows Update.
• Remove Unwanted Software from a Factory Installation.
• Migrate and Restore Data.
• Back Up Data and the System.

Getting Acquainted with the GUI

Keyboard Shortcuts

• Many keyboard shortcuts use the Windows key.
  • Some tablets have a Windows key button.

The Windows 10 Start Menu – Desktop Mode

• Opens with the Start button.
• Covers a portion of the Desktop.
• Optimized for keyboard use.
• Left column shows most used items.
• Apps list is on the left.
• Tiles are displayed in a larger area on the right.

User Tile and Quick Links

• The currently signed-in user has a tile on the Start menu.
• Quick links open menus.
• Power Quick link provides options to Sleep, Shut Down, Restart.
• Launch programs from Quick Links, Tiles, Taskbar, or All apps list.

All Apps

• Sorted list of all installed apps.
• Hover the mouse for a vertical scroll bar.
• Each folder item has a drop-down button.

Settings

• Personalize the Start menu via Settings | Start.
• Turn settings on or off.

File Explorer

• Windows 10 file management utility.
• Shortcut on the taskbar (folder icon).
• Ribbon of menu buttons at the top.
• Navigation pane on the left.
• Quick access link at the top of the navigation pane.
• Quick access contains recent and pinned locations.

Microsoft Edge

• Windows Web Browser, replacing Internet Explorer (IE).
• Launch from the taskbar icon.
• Has a clean look.
• Select light or dark mode.

Installing and Troubleshooting Drivers

• Windows Setup detects hardware devices and installs appropriate drivers.
• May prompt you to provide drivers.
• May install a generic driver.
• Error messages and malfunctioning devices may indicate driver issues.

Installing Updated Drivers from Manufacturers

• If prompted, install during setup.
• If not prompted, install after setup, looking for symptoms of device problems.
• Install the manufacturer’s driver.

Troubleshooting Drivers with Device Manager

• Device Manager is a Control Panel applet.
• Displays a list of installed hardware.
• Displays the status of each device.
• Look for a flagged device indicating a problem.

Personalizing Windows

Tweak Display Settings

• Right-click on the Desktop to open the Context menu.
• Select Display Settings.
• Options include Identify, detect, and connect to displays.
• Adjust the size of items on the desktop.
• Set Orientation and Lock Rotation.
• Adjust Brightness level and Resolution settings.

Ease of Access

• Features accessible for many types of needs.
• Ease of Access button on the bottom right of the Sign-In screen.

Configuring Windows Update

• Manually trigger updates after installation.
• Automatic Updates occur by default.
• Mandatory in both retail editions.
• Windows 10 Pro can defer feature updates.

Removing Unwanted Software from a Factory Installation

• New Windows PCs or laptops often have preinstalled software (bloatware).
• Out of Box Experience (OOBE) is the last phase of Windows install.

Trial Software versus Manufacturer’s Utilities

• Trial software: Free to use for a period, then ceases to function; requires subscription to continue.
• Manufacturer’s Utilities: For installing updates or advertising other services.

Migrating or Restoring Data

• From previous installations.
• After a clean install.
• Restore from backup.

Backing Up Data and the System

• Use Backup and Restore (Windows 7) to back up files.
• Turn on File History.
• Create a System Image Backup.

Working with Windows 10 Features

The Windows 10 GUI Modes

• Desktop Mode.
  • Start menu covers a portion of the desktop.
  • Apps are windowed.
  • Optimized for keyboard and mouse use.
  • Start menu layout: Left column (most used items), Quick links, Apps list, Tiles.
• Tablet Mode
  • Start menu opens automatically and full screen.
  • Optimized for touch screen.
  • All apps run full screen.
  • Use Action Center to switch modes.
  • Taskbar on bottom without pinned and open apps.
  • Column of Quick links on left, Apps list closed.

Continuum

• Detects the need for Tablet mode or Desktop mode.
• Ideal for tablets with detachable keyboards.
• Remove keyboard – Switches to Tablet mode.
• Attach keyboard – Switches to Desktop mode.
• Detects and reacts when a display is connected.

Getting Started with Cortana

• Personal assistant and intelligent search system.
• Web, local device, and cloud storage search.
• Cortana learns about you and pays attention to things you permit it to watch.

Communicating with Cortana

• Interact with Cortana via click or tap the Cortana icon.
• First-time users must sign in and follow the prompts to set up Cortana.
• Cortana's Home page opens after the initial setup.
• Click or tap the microphone icon to start talking to Cortana.
• Cortana displays results.
• Cortana continues to learn about you.

Selecting What Cortana Learns about You

• Customize Cortana's settings (Cortana Privacy page) to manage what Cortana learns.

Hey Cortana Voice Activation

• Voice activation option (requires device support).
• User must train the app.
• Type or talk to Cortana (no need to learn syntax).
• Ask questions naturally.

Using Apps in Windows 10

Windows Store Apps versus Windows Desktop Apps

• Windows Store Apps (previously titled Universal apps).
  • Run on all Windows 10 devices.
  • Adapt to different screen sizes.
  • Adjust to switching input methods.
• Windows Desktop Apps
  • Legacy apps that only run on PCs and laptops.

Task View

• Quickly view all your open apps.
• Access by clicking or tapping the Task view icon.

Virtual Desktops

• Group projects (e.g., personal finances, genealogy project).
• See all tasks and Virtual Desktops in Task view.

Microsoft Store

• Tile on the Start menu.
• Requires Internet connection and a Microsoft account.
• Offers apps, services, games, music, movies, and TV.
• Account password required for purchase.
• Add payment method.

Changing the User Picture

• The user tile displays the name and a picture the user selects.
• Located in the left column of the Start menu.
• Click or tap the User menu to change account settings, lock, or sign out.

Securing Windows 10

Windows 10 S Mode

• Originally intended for the education market.
• In S Mode, PCs can only install Microsoft Store apps.
• Can only browse with Microsoft Edge.
• Can only use the Bing search engine.
• Disables most troubleshooting tools.
• More secure and faster.
• Once disabled, cannot be re-enabled.

Windows Hello

• Biometric sign-in feature.
• Fingerprint (requires fingerprint scanner).
• Facial recognition (requires a special camera).
• Configure in Settings app | Account protection.

Microsoft Passport

• Secure sign-in to network resources.
• Authentication tied to hardware.
• Currently limited to certain online services.
• FIDO Alliance developing other solutions.

Windows Security

• Many security features.
• Manage through Windows Settings | Security.
• Displays overall security status.
• Installing third-party security replaces some features.

Windows Firewall

• Access from the Windows Security page.
• Opens Windows Firewall and Network Protection page.
• Links to firewall and network-related settings.
• Open Windows Firewall with Advanced Security.

Encrypting File System

• Microsoft NTFS file system allows encryption of files and folders.
• Turn on in Properties | Advanced Attributes.

Encrypting with Windows BitLocker

• BitLocker Drive Encryption: Feature of Windows 10 Pro to encrypt an entire internal drive.
• BitLocker To Go: Feature of Windows 10 Pro to encrypt external hard drives and USB flash drives.
• Select a method for unlocking.

User Account Control (UAC)

• Prevents installation of malware.
• Administrators see a Consent Prompt.
• Standard users see a Credentials Prompt.