French Grammar: Impersonal Expressions, Will, and Emotion in the Subjunctive
Impersonal Expressions Requiring the Subjunctive
- Several impersonal expressions in French are followed by the subjunctive mood. These structures often assess the necessity, possibility, or merit of a particular action.
- Ce n'est pas la peine que…: Literally translates to "It is not worth the effort…" or "It's not worth it that…"
- Il est bon que…: Translated as "It is good that…"
- Il est dommage que…: Translated as "It is a shame that…" or "It is a pity that…"
- Il est essentiel que…: Translated as "It is essential that…"
- Il est étonnant que…: Translated as "It is surprising that…"
- Il est important que…: Translated as "It is important that…"
- Il est indispensable que…: Translated as "It is essential that…"
- Il est nécessaire que…: Translated as "It is necessary that…"
- Il est possible que…: Translated as "It is possible that…"
- Il est surprenant que…: Translated as "It is surprising that…"
- Il faut que…: Translated as "One must…" or "It is necessary that…"
- Il vaut mieux que…: Translated as "It is better that…"
General Rule for Subordinate Clauses
- The use of the subjunctive is mandatory in the subordinate clause of a sentence when the main clause conveys specific types of meaning.
- Requirement: Use the subjunctive in the subordinate clause when the main clause of the sentence expresses either will (desire/command) or emotion.
Expressions of Will (Expressions de la Volonté)
- Expressions of will trigger the subjunctive in the dependent clause because they represent a desire or demand imposed upon someone or something else.
- demander que…: To ask that…
- désirer que…: To desire that…
- exiger que…: To demand that…
- préférer que…: To prefer that…
- proposer que…: To propose that…
- recommander que…: To recommend that…
- souhaiter que…: To hope that…
- suggérer que…: To suggest that…
- vouloir que…: To want that…
Expressions of Emotion (Expressions de l'Émotion)
- When a speaker expresses a feeling or an emotional reaction to a fact or situation, the subjunctive mood is used for the action being described.
- aimer que…: To like that…
- avoir peur que…: To be afraid that…
- être content(e) que…: To be happy that… (Note the agreement for gender in 'content/contente')
- être désolé(e) que…: To be sorry that…
- être étonné(e) que…: To be surprised that…
- être fâché(e) que…: To be mad that…
- être fier/fière que…: To be proud that… (Note the masculine 'fier' and feminine 'fière' forms)
- être ravi(e) que…: To be delighted that…
- regretter que…: To regret that…