French Grammar: Impersonal Expressions, Will, and Emotion in the Subjunctive

Impersonal Expressions Requiring the Subjunctive

  • Several impersonal expressions in French are followed by the subjunctive mood. These structures often assess the necessity, possibility, or merit of a particular action.
  • Ce n'est pas la peine que…: Literally translates to "It is not worth the effort…" or "It's not worth it that…"
  • Il est bon que…: Translated as "It is good that…"
  • Il est dommage que…: Translated as "It is a shame that…" or "It is a pity that…"
  • Il est essentiel que…: Translated as "It is essential that…"
  • Il est étonnant que…: Translated as "It is surprising that…"
  • Il est important que…: Translated as "It is important that…"
  • Il est indispensable que…: Translated as "It is essential that…"
  • Il est nécessaire que…: Translated as "It is necessary that…"
  • Il est possible que…: Translated as "It is possible that…"
  • Il est surprenant que…: Translated as "It is surprising that…"
  • Il faut que…: Translated as "One must…" or "It is necessary that…"
  • Il vaut mieux que…: Translated as "It is better that…"

General Rule for Subordinate Clauses

  • The use of the subjunctive is mandatory in the subordinate clause of a sentence when the main clause conveys specific types of meaning.
  • Requirement: Use the subjunctive in the subordinate clause when the main clause of the sentence expresses either will (desire/command) or emotion.

Expressions of Will (Expressions de la Volonté)

  • Expressions of will trigger the subjunctive in the dependent clause because they represent a desire or demand imposed upon someone or something else.
  • demander que…: To ask that…
  • désirer que…: To desire that…
  • exiger que…: To demand that…
  • préférer que…: To prefer that…
  • proposer que…: To propose that…
  • recommander que…: To recommend that…
  • souhaiter que…: To hope that…
  • suggérer que…: To suggest that…
  • vouloir que…: To want that…

Expressions of Emotion (Expressions de l'Émotion)

  • When a speaker expresses a feeling or an emotional reaction to a fact or situation, the subjunctive mood is used for the action being described.
  • aimer que…: To like that…
  • avoir peur que…: To be afraid that…
  • être content(e) que…: To be happy that… (Note the agreement for gender in 'content/contente')
  • être désolé(e) que…: To be sorry that…
  • être étonné(e) que…: To be surprised that…
  • être fâché(e) que…: To be mad that…
  • être fier/fière que…: To be proud that… (Note the masculine 'fier' and feminine 'fière' forms)
  • être ravi(e) que…: To be delighted that…
  • regretter que…: To regret that…