Sociological perspectives
Agency=the idea that people make their own decisions and are responsible for their own actions
(Social) structure=the distinctive, stable arrangement of institutions whereby human beings in a society interact and live together.
interplay=The structure versus agency debate may be understood as an issue of socialization against autonomy in determining whether an individual acts as a free agent or in a manner dictated by social structure.
Social capital=a set of shared values or resources that allows individuals to work together in a group to effectively achieve a common purpose.
Cultural capital=comprises the social assets of a person (education, intellect, style of speech, style of dress, social capital, etc.) that promote social mobility in a stratified society.
Economic capital=refers to the material wealth and financial assets owned by individuals or families
deviance=the term used to describe actions or identities that differ from group norms
social control= the active or passive process of a group regulating itself according to its beliefs, principles, and values. A major purpose of social control is to stop or prevent negative deviance, which is a break from established laws and values that may be damaging to others.
surveillance= the focused, systematic, and routine monitoring of behavior, activities, or information that provides either tactical or strategic intelligence. Collected information is most often used with the rationale of influencing, supervising, or protecting people.
Parentocracy=a system in which a child's education must conform to the wealth and wishes of parents rather than the abilities and efforts of the pupil.
Social reproduction (theory)=
issues=
troubles=
biography=
social forces=
individualistic theory=
naturalistic theory=
Glocalization=
operational definitions=
School to work transition=
socio-structural factors=
social reproduction=
integrative socio-ecological developmental framework=
historical context=
social institutions=
social inequality=
independent, cumulative and compensatory effects=
the dynamics of "timing" and "social change"=
criminalization of migration=
power of subjection=
Reproduction (avoiding situations where they could ‘get caught’), resistance and departure.
The Disciplinary Society=
Sanctions=
Claims-Makers=
Structural Strain=
Conformity=
Ritualism=
Illegitimate Opportunity Structure=
Formal/Informal Sanctions=
In and out groups=
lived legal consciousness (refers to the everyday understanding and interpretation of law as experienced by individuals in their daily lives)
social forces in play=
Individual Lens=
Socio-Structural lens=
larger societal structures, processes, and meanings associated with gender rather than individual behavior, choices, and preferences void of context
Social constructionism is a sociological theory of knowledge proposing that people develop their understanding of the world through social order.
Social institutions=
Social exchange theory=
Social dominance theory=
Gender inequity=
Disjoint model agency=
ideal worker norm=
societal norms and structures=
Gender Expectations= learned and culturally imposed through a variety of social mechanisms, including socialization, the commercialization of gender ideals, and situational constraints.
Structural constraints are the established and customary rules, policies, and day-to-day practices that affect a person’s life chances. Structural constraints are part of the social structure in which interactions are embedded. As such, they act to channel behavior and constrain individual choice. Structural constraints push men and women into jobs that correspond with society’s expectations regarding sex-appropriate work.
Sexism=
Intersectionality=
caste system=
choice=The conscious act of choosing among a range of possible behaviors, appearances or path
chance=
context=
Embodied cultural capital consists of everything that has been consciously and unconsciously internalized through the socialization process. The socialization process shapes a person’s character and outlook.
functionalist argument
master status