THESIS

STUDY NOTES ON OCCUPATIONAL STRESS AND MENTAL HEALTH NEEDS OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES IN CALATAGAN BATANGAS

TITLE PAGE

  • Research Title: Assessing the Occupational Stress and Mental Health Needs of Local Government Employees in Calatagan Batangas: Inputs for the Enhancement of CSC Resolution No. 1901265
  • Authors: Arabella Grace M. Salazar, Gwyneth B. Nanit, Mary Shyne O. Chra Adaya
  • College: College of Arts and Sciences
  • Institution: Batangas State University
  • Year: 2026

TABLE OF CONTENTS

  1. The Problem and Its Background
    • Introduction (Page 10)
    • Statement of the Problem (Page 11)
    • Hypothesis of the Study (Page 13)
    • Significance of the Study (Page 13)
    • Scope, Delimitation and Limitations of the Study (Page 16)
  2. Review of Related Literature and Studies
    • Conceptual Literature (Page 19)
    • Research Literature (Page 42)
    • Synthesis (Page 57)
    • Theoretical Framework (Page 73)
    • Conceptual Framework (Page 76)
    • Definition of Terms (Page 78)
  3. Research Methodology
    • Research Design (Page 82)
    • Sampling Design and the Respondent (Page 84)
    • Data Gathering Instrument (Page 87)
    • Data Gathering Procedure (Page 92)
    • Statistical Treatment of Data (Page 95)
    • Data Analysis (Page 97)
  4. Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data (Page 100)
  5. Summary of Findings, Conclusions, and Recommendations
    • Summary of the Study (Page 185)
    • Summary of Findings (Page 187)
    • Conclusions (Page 195)
    • Recommendations (Page 197)
  6. Bibliography (Page 199)

CHAPTER I: THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction
  • OSHA highlights increased mental health needs due to demanding work environments.
  • Mental health impacts job efficiency, satisfaction, and overall health.
  • Globalization has amplified workplace mental health as a major concern, with WHO reporting significant impacts from depression and anxiety.
Statement of the Problem
  • Target demographic: Local government employees in Calatagan, Batangas.
  • Examination of demographics: age, sex, civil status, job status, years of service, socioeconomic status, educational attainment.
  • Focus on occupational stress through dimensions: role overload, role insufficiency, role ambiguity, role boundary, responsibility, and physical environment.
  • Mental health needs assessed through aspects: burnout, work-life balance, discrimination, harassment, availability of mental health resources.
  • Investigate significant differences in occupational stress and mental health needs based on demographic profiles.
Hypothesis of the Study
  • Null hypothesis (Ho): No significant difference in occupational stress and mental health needs based on demographic profile.
Significance of the Study
  • Stakeholders: university, local government, faculty, students, researchers, future researchers.
  • Contributions to mental health policies and community awareness
  • Align with SDGs on education and health.
Scope, Delimitation, and Limitations of the Study
  • Focus on local government employees in Calatagan, Batangas.
  • Limitations: Excludes other municipalities and sectors; results may not be generalizable.

CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

Conceptual Literature
  • Occupational Stress (NIOSH Definition): Physical and emotional responses when job demands exceed capabilities.
  • Factors contributing to occupational stress include workload, job autonomy, safety, and interrelations.
  • Sources include Osipow and Spokane’s Occupational Stress Inventory (1987) — six dimensions: role overload, role insufficiency, role ambiguity, role boundary, responsibility, physical environment.
Mental Health Needs
  • Definitions focus on psychological, emotional, and social aspects essential for employee well-being.
  • Key components: burnout, work-life balance, discrimination, harassment, access to mental health resources.
Local Government Employees
  • Contextual role in governance, socioeconomic challenges, and workplace expectations affecting mental health.
  • Historical insight into local governance and labor impact in Calatagan.
CSC Resolution No. 1901265
  • Outline of mental health initiatives required in public sector under Republic Act No. 11036.
  • Persistent gaps in policies despite legislative frameworks.
Theoretical Framework
  • Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) Model: Analyzes job characteristics affecting employee well-being; distinguishes between job demands leading to stress and resources promoting resilience and engagement.

CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Design
  • Quantitative descriptive approach to evaluate mental health and stress levels among government employees.
Sampling Design and the Respondents
  • Population: 350 local government employees; sample: stratified random sampling of 184 respondents.
Data Gathering Instrument
  • Standardized questionnaire for demographics, occupational stress, and mental health needs.
Data Gathering Procedure
  • Ensuring ethical considerations: informed consent and confidentiality maintained throughout the process.
Statistical Treatment of Data
  • Tools: descriptive statistics, Shapiro-Wilk Tests, Kruskal-Wallis Test, Mann-Whitney U Test for analyzing differences across demographics.
Data Analysis
  • Comprehensive data organization using statistical software for interpretation of findings.

CHAPTER IV: PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

Demographic Profile of Respondents
  • Varied factors showing distinct characteristics among government employees (age, sex, civil status, education).
Occupational Stress Levels
  1. Role Overload: Moderate (Mean = 15.80)
  2. Role Insufficiency: Moderate (Mean = 18.20)
  3. Role Ambiguity: Low (Mean = 17.90)
  4. Role Boundary: High (Mean = 30.90)
  5. Responsibility: Moderate (Mean = 29.70)
  6. Physical Environment: Moderate (Mean = 19.00)
Mental Health Needs
  • Burnout: Low (Mean = 17.70); Work-life Balance: High (Mean = 24.40); Discrimination: Moderate (Mean = 18.60);
  • Harassment: Low (Mean = 15.10); Availability of resources: Moderate (Mean = 25.00).
Analysis of Differences Among Demographics
  • Significant findings based on role overload, role ambiguity, educational attainment impacting perceptions on role insufficiency, harassment experience varying with years of service.

CHAPTER V: SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Summary of Findings
  • Local government employees mostly fall within specific demographic categories affecting their roles and stress levels.
  • Overall moderate occupational stress levels observed reflecting job demands; mental health needs exhibiting generally manageable concerns.
Conclusions
  • Identified relationships between demographic profiles and stress/mental health needs.
Recommendations
  • Suggested interventions for policy enhancement focusing on mental health support services and occupational guidance, with emphasis on comprehensive mental health programs and training.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

  • [List of references used in the study]