Russian Revolution

vocab

Bourgeois: middle class (bourgeoisie from french unit) could not buy into the nobility system lived in cities. 

Proletariat: working class 

Pauper

Capital: property,wealth,money 

Capitalism:economic system to describe market force

Oppressed and oppressor 

Throughout history there have bean division between classes and struggles mainly stem from this 

“In all of these classes,again, subordinate gradations.” 

This is like the classic good vs evil 

Reading #1 of the Russian revolution 

Vocab

Ideology—The shared ideas and beliefs that guide political movements or groups

of people.

Serfdom—A system in which serfs could be bought and sold with the land on

which they lived.

Zemstvo—Zemtsvos were councils of locally elected representatives who made

governance decisions at the district and provincial levels. Established in 1864 as a

part of Tsar Alexander II’s reforms, members of each zemstvo could come from

every class group. The institution was meant to reflect the interests of all members

of local society.

Soviet—A soviet was an elected workers’ council.

Intelligentsia—Members of the intelligentsia were educated people drawn

together by a shared interest in societal reform and solving humanity’s problems.

Capitalism- is an economic system in which resources are entirely or mostly

owned by individuals and operated for profit. Production and distribution of

goods is left up to individuals and market forces such as supply and demand.

Socialism- is an economic system in which the community or the state controls the

production and distribution of key resources in order to increase social and

economic equality. Generally in socialist systems, the state or community—rather

than individuals—owns resources such as land and businesses.

Communism- is a political stage that can only be reached after socialism. Under

communism, there are no social classes, property ownership, or even government.

Russification policy was basically getting rid of nationalism in russia 

Debrief on our debate

  • How would conservatism benefit Russia?
    • The tsar has led Russia for many years why should we change. The tsar is doing a great job. 
    • The futile order keeps everyone fed and housed. 
    • Rejection of industrial revolution. 
    • The tsar will always take care of us and is related to the british monarch and german monarch because of queen victoria 
  • How would liberal western ideas benefit Russia?
    • The tsar was abusing his power. The absolute monarchy isnt good for us 
    • Government by more people no absolutism.more voices.  
    • Need to industrialize. 
    • More capitalism 
    • Wealth distribution- expertise, job, entrepreneurship, hard work 
  • How would populism/socialism benefit Russia? 
    • Comune is key
    • Collectively come together (collectivism)  
    • everyone is equal In social, Power to the people 
    • Wealth (resources) distributes equally 
    • Populism does not always mean socialism it means a benefit for the people 

 Revolution of 1905

Who

  • Tsar Nicholas II / govt. 

Versus 

  • Lead by state church Father Gabon
  • Workers, liberals, peasants, men, women,children. 

Tsar Nicholas II poor leadership

  • Did not want to lead 
  • Rasputin
  • Yes people
  • In love with his wife 

When 

  • January 22 1905

Where 

  • St.Petersburg
  • Winter Palace

What/How

  • Peacefull protest
  • Wanted workers protection
  • Secret police/ no free speech
  • So peaceful protestors marched through st.Petersburg
  •  Bloody Sunday because the tsar opened fire on peaceful protesters

Short term causes for 1905 revolution

  •  No freedom of speech, assembly

  • Impact of  (1904-1905) Russo Japanese war

  • **Worker protection

  • (going to ask for)Long term causes for 1905 revolution

  •  Terrorism

  •  Agrariun society

  •  Industrial revolution

  • serfs freed but still problems

  •  workers issue 

  • Liberal Democratic ideas 

Short term effects of 1905 revolution

  •  Duma (more poeple in elections) 
  • october manifesto (not legally binding)
  •  freedom of speach, press, assembly 

Long term effects of 1905 revolution

  •  Not happy workers
  •  anti tsar
  • conservatives are happy

Revolution of 1917 \n Short term causes for 1917 Revolution: 

  • lack of materials 
    • food, water, boots, don’t all have weapons, bullets. 
  • Tsar Nicholas II’s poor leadership. 
  • Fighting amongst selfs instead of germans they fought there own jewish soldiers. 
  •  Zemstvo helping with things the government should be doing. 

World war 1 was brutal

Feb/March 

  • February 23 1917 international womens day 
  • International womens march protesting all the shortages & death. Others joined in not just women. Military joined the protest. 
  • Nicholas II abdicates the throne gives it up
  • Provitional Government put in place basically renamed Duma Liberal ideas
  • Soviets a counsel of advisors unify around communist ideas men & woman involved
  • Both wanted power 
    • more death 

April

  • Germany returned Lenin
  • Lenin wants to gain back his power 
  • Lenin promises “peace,bread,land” ← causes of war/revolution
    • Lenins sidekick Trotsky
  • Lenin does things through violence (no peace only violence)

October/November

  • Bolsheviks lead by Lenin revolt was overthrowing the government by physically occupying government buildings
  • Constiuent assembly 24% bolsheviks, 40.4% Socialist Revolutionary Party, 4.7% Kadets (Constitutional Democratic Party). 
    • Lenin didn’t let winners come to power

Short term effects of 1917 revolution

  • Killed alot of political enemys and or sent them to the Gulas
  • Get rid of the zemstvos (local government)
  • Nationalized industries and banks
  • Russia gets out of world war 1 
  • Civil war red army (communist) against white army/movement

Communist dont believe in private property. 

Nationalized:government bring all economy/resources government owns whole economy

Long term effects of 1917 revolution

  • Creation of soviet union (USSR)