Naming Ionic Compounds
Fundamentals of Ionic Compounds
- Ionic compounds are solids composed of positive ions (cations) and negative ions (anions) held by electrostatic attraction.
- Formulas list the cation followed by the anion.
- Compounds are electrically neutral; the sum of positive and negative charges in a formula unit must equal zero.
Naming Binary Ionic Compounds
- Binary compounds contains ions from only two different elements: a metal and a nonmetal.
- Rule: Name the metal cation followed by the nonmetal anion with the suffix modified to "-ide".
- Examples: - : sodium chloride - : calcium chloride - : cesium bromide
Transition Metals and Variable Charges
- Transition metals and certain other elements can form ions with multiple possible charges (e.g., and ).
- A Roman numeral in parentheses must follow the cation name to indicate its specific charge.
- The charge of the metal is calculated based on the known charge of the anion to ensure a neutral formula unit.
- Examples: - : iron (III) bromide (Three at each requires an ion). - : titanium (IV) chloride (Four at each requires a ion).
Questions & Discussion
- Prompt: "you try n a two o"
- Response: Sodium is the cation and oxide is the anion; the name is sodium oxide ().
- Prompt: "You try. Six, MnF two"
- Response: The compound contains two fluoride ions (), each with a charge. To maintain electrical neutrality, the manganese ion must have a charge of . The name is manganese (II) fluoride ().