Sen - How to Judge Globalism

Globalization is often seen as global Westernization due to the marvellous contributions of Western civilization to the world
Globalization is seen not only as good but as a gift from the West to the world
Western dominance
Western countries have established rules of trade and business relations that do not serve the interests of the poorer people in the world
The active agents of globalization have often been located far from the West
- China
- Eastern mathematics

Many developments drew on the experience of the rest of the world
Our global civilization is a world heritage
There is a chain of intellectual relations that links Western mathematics and science to a collection of distinct non-Western practitioners
The idea of an immaculate Western conception is an imaginative fantasy
There were significant global development in which the West was not even involved
The global economy has brought prosperity to many different areas of the globe

Inequality
The poor of the world need globalization as much as the rich do, but it is essential they actually get what they need
- This may require extensive institutional reform
The real issue is the distribution of globalization’s benefits

It is hard to achieve economic prosperity without making extensive use of the opportunities of exchange and specialization that market relations offer

Global policies have a role in helping the development of national institutions
Need to re-examine the adequacy of global institutional arrangements themselves
- Inefficient and inequitable trade restrictions that repress exports from poor countries
- Patent laws that inhibit the use of lifesaving drugs
- Involvement of the global world powers in globalized arms trade

The inequity in the overall balance of institutional arrangements produces very unequal sharing of the benefits of globalization
Globalization deserves a reasoned defense, but it also needs reform