U.S. History
True or False: Columbus and his party were the first Europeans to land on and attempt to settle North America
For the Spanish and Portuguese, the Azores, the Canaries, and the Cape Verde islands became ____________ for later American colonization
What crop was first cultivated using European managers and non-European slave labor?
Why was sugar a difficult crop to grow?
Although it is impossible to know precisely, scholars agree that approximately ________ percent of the Native American population died within the first 150 years of European contact
Why did Christopher Columbus think travel from Spain to Asia was possible?
Approximately what percentage of American history has occurred since 1492?
George McJunkin’s discovery in New Mexico in 1908 changed understanding of American history by
Who was Spirit Cave man, and what do his remains tell us about the life of Paleo-Indians?
Approximately what percentage of American history has occurred since 1492?
How do we know that Native American societies were not all the same (i.e. were diverse)?
What does Christopher Miller say that early European settlers got wrong about Native Americans?
What are the five basic elements of historical thinking?
What is a primary source in history?
What is a secondary source in history?
What society that represents the peak of the mound building culture in North America ?
How would you compare size of the Cahokia's largest structure in comparison to other ancient structures across the world?
What do archaeological discoveries in Mound 72 of Cahokia suggest?
Although we don't know for certain, what function is suggested by the location of the largest wood henge at Cahokia?
In the Mississippi Valley, where Soto found _______ substantial Native American towns in the 1540s, the French in 1670 found ____________
Where was Cahokia located?
Name several important characteristics of the Cahokia site
What happened to Cahokia?
How did the Coronado and de Soto expeditions influence Spanish interest in North America?
Approximately how many years ago did small bands of people cross from the continent of Asia to America?
Regarding spiritual practices, what traits did North American indigenous people tend to share?
How did North American indigenous people's understanding of property differ from Europeans?
How did the peak Cahokia population compare to American cities in the first years of the United States?
So why are we communicating with each other in this class in English rather than Chinese? Or Arabic? Is it not true that both the Chinese and Muslim civilizations were more advanced that Europe in 1400 (hint: it is true)? And why not Spanish or Portuguese? To begin to think about this, we need to think about the political, economic, and religious situations in Europe in the sixteenth century (or from about 1490-1599). If we can understand that, we can understand what motivated European exploration and (sometimes) settlement. In particular, in what ways did European monarchs use commerce and religion to advance their nations' fortune?
What role did the Columbian Exchange play in the formation of an Atlantic world?
How did European nations use commerce and religion to advance their nations’ fortunes
What forces were transforming West Africa before the advent of the Atlantic slave trade?
What role did the Columbian exchange play in the formation of the Atlantic world?\
How did European relations with Native Americans affect the success of early European colonizing efforts?
What was the first permanent European settlement in the current American Southwest?
Why did few Spaniards move to settlements in New Mexico in the 1600s?
The writings of which Spanish missionary spread the idea that the Spanish were committing cruel atrocities in the New World? How did this allow non-Spanish Europeans to rationalize their joining the the conquest of the Americas?
The Northwest Passage allegedly promised a water-route to ____________
In North America, the French strategy preferred ________________ over _______________
What European country offered the most religious liberty to its residents?
By 1660, Dutch New Amsterdam had the largest ____________________ population on the North American continent
What Portuguese New World colony enslaved more Africans over the history of the Atlantic slave trade than any other colony?
What "wrenching social and economic changes" unsettled the English population in the 1500s and 1600s?
How did English colonization "look very different from Spanish or French colonization"?
Where was the first permanent ENGLISH settlement in the New World?
Jamestown was established in a disastrous location. What proved to be the worst aspect of the location?
What proved to be the salvation of Jamestown?
What did the Headright Policy promise?
What two notable events occurred in Virginia in 1619?
What are some good general descriptors of Calvinist (and Puritan) beliefs in the 1600s?
What now famous phrase did John Winthrop write as a description of the Puritan's goal in American settlement?
True or false: the Puritans in New England sought to establish a haven of religious toleration
In the 1400s, how was Europe was "quivering with tension" from "deep-seated forces for change"?
A religious split occurred in Europe in the 1500s -- the previously unified church split into Roman Catholic areas and areas known as __________________
What were some innovations of Europe's emerging secular business culture?
Christoper Columbus was born and trained in one of Europe's centers of shipping and secular business culture. That city was _______________
True or False: All Europeans believed the earth to be flat (and made maps that reflected this) until Christopher Columbus landed in the Caribbean Islands in 1493
What empire expanded into Eastern Europe and cut off European overland trade routes to Asia in the 1400s?
What happened to grain prices and real wages in Europe between 1400-1700?
Who was Mansa Musa?
According to Venture Smith, why was he given the name "Venture"?
What maritime innovations allowed Europeans to explore the Atlantic?
What European nation first explored the West African coast and set up a trading post/fort in West Africa by the 1470s?
From what system of Christian thought did Puritans derived their theology?
What is the term that slaves used for the voyage across the Atlantic?
Most slaves were taken from which region in Africa?
What is the current estimate of the number of Africans forcibly relocated from Africa to the New World?
Puritans led the revolt against King Charles I in what is now called _____________
What was a motivating factor in the creation of colonies such as Maryland, Connecticut, and Rhode Island?
What crop led to the creation of large plantations and great wealth for the elite in the Carolinas?
What colony was created as a haven for Catholics fleeing harassment in England (although Catholicism was banned in the colony shortly thereafter)?
What colony established religious freedom in the mid-1600s and thus became a haven for Quakers, Jews, and other religious minorities?
What events rocked the English colonies with violence in the 1600s?
Orlando Patterson’s definition of slavery has withstood scrutiny for over 20 years. He asserted that slavery is ______________________
What were the components of the Atlantic Plantation system?
What elements of 17th and 18th century sugar production made gang labor an efficient solution?
Based on Dutch records, about how often did slave ships experience revolts from the African passengers?
According to Dutch records, approximately what percentage of African captives died on the journey across the Atlantic?
What products used by European slave merchants to purchase African slaves on the African coast?
What are the basics of Anthony Johnson's life story,, how does his story help us understand the history of racial slavery in the colonies?
Most European settlers (about 2/3) in the 1600s came to the North American colonies as __________
What are the basic elements of indentured servitude in the colonies?
What was true about Native American slavery in the colonies?
Indentured servants comprised __________ percent of the white labor force in 1640 and ____________ percent by 1700.
What does the Georgia servant maintenance chart tell us about the transition from indentured servitude to racial slavery?
In the transatlantic slave trade, the process of adjustment in which newly arrived Africans to the climate, diet, and geography of the New World was called ________________ . For both Venture Smith and Olaudah Equiano, this process took place in __________________
What did Olaudah Equiano mean when he wrote of the "improvident avarice" of the ship's crew?
What problems did Thomas Newe report that were inhibiting English settlement of Carolina in 1668?
What factors contributed most significantly to the growth and prosperity of Britain's North American colonies?
What impact did the Enlightenment, Great Awakening, and Glorious Revolution have on colonies? Did they help move the colonies toward independence in any way?
Which colony or colonies had a majority enslaved African population?
Which system of slave labor offered enslaved people the greatest independence in the use of their time?
Was slavery legal in every colony as late as 1750?
Which colony generated the most revenue for Britain? Hint: this includes Britain's island colonies in the Caribbean
What portion of residents in 1700 New York City was enslaved?
What was the first English group to turn against slavery?
What is the name for the practice whereby a married woman loses all of her political and economic rights to her husband?
Where did the Great Awakening begin?
What was the result of Pontiac's War?
What was the largest American city during the late eighteenth century?
Be able to identify and analyze primary source evidence regarding the Salem Witch Hysteria in order to offer an evidence-based explanation of those events
Life expectancy in colonial New England was ______________ compared to Britain at the same time
In the mercantilist system, the role of colonies was to _________
Did the mercantilist system fit New England economies in the early 18th century?
Did the mercantilist system fit the Southern economies in the early 18th century?
What was the House of Burgesses?
How did the colonies develop an independent political identity by 1760?