In Class

Pros of EMR (Advantages)

Benefit

Why It Matters

1. Quick Access

Patient records are available instantly

Saves time in emergencies

2. Better Communication

Info is easily shared across departments

Improves teamwork

3. Reduces Errors

Fewer mistakes with legible writing, medication alerts

Safer for patients

4. Better Tracking

Lab tests, imaging, progress notes easily viewable

Helps monitor care

5. Saves Space

No need for huge paper files

Easier storage

6. Clinical Decision Support

Alerts for drug interactions, allergies

Helps in safe prescribing

7. Audit Trails

Who accessed/changed records is tracked

Improves accountability

8. Promotes Preventative Care

Reminders for immunizations, screenings

Improves long-term health


Cons of EMR (Disadvantages)

Challenge

Why It's a Problem

1. System Crashes

EMR can go down during technical issues

Need backup plans

2. Learning Curve

Staff need training to use EMRs properly

Takes time and effort

3. Privacy Concerns

Risk of hacking/data breaches

Patient confidentiality must be protected

4. Cost

High setup and maintenance costs

Especially hard for small clinics

5. Technical Problems

Slow systems, login issues, data errors

Frustrates staff, delays care

6. Less Personal Interaction

Nurses and doctors may focus more on screens

Can affect patient rapport

7. Over-documentation

Too many "clicks" and checkboxes

Can lead to “tick-box” care rather than clinical thinking


🧠 QUICK MNEMONIC for Pros of EMR: "S.A.F.E. C.A.R.E."

Letter

Stands For

S

Saves time

A

Access to records

F

Fewer errors

E

Easy tracking

C

Communication better

A

Alerts for safety

R

Reminders for prevention

E

Electronic backups

📋 SETS & SEWS in Nursing

(Simplified for you + ready for study notes)


1. SETS

Standardized Early Warning Scoring System (SETS)

  • Purpose: Detect early signs of patient deterioration.

  • Focus: Monitors vital signs and assigns a score to changes.

Vital Sign

What You Monitor

Heart Rate

Tachycardia (>100 bpm) / Bradycardia (<60 bpm)

Blood Pressure

Hypotension (<90/60) or Hypertension (>180/110)

Respiratory Rate

Increased (>20-24 breaths/min) = danger

Oxygen Saturation (SpO₂)

< 94% = red flag

Temperature

Fever or hypothermia

Consciousness

AVPU (Alert, Voice, Pain, Unresponsive) scale

Mnemonic for SETS Checks:
"HR BREATHE TEMP MIND"

  • HR = Heart Rate

  • BREATHE = Respiratory Rate

  • TEMP = Temperature

  • MIND = Consciousness level


2. SEWS

Standardized Early Warning Score (SEWS)

  • Purpose: Same idea — quick scoring system based on vitals.

  • How it works:
    Each vital sign abnormality is given a point (1-3 points).
    The higher the total score = the more urgent the medical response.

SEWS Score

Action Required

0-1

Routine monitoring

2-3

Increase observations

4-5

Urgent medical review

≥6

Medical Emergency Team (MET) call immediately


🚨 Why is SETS & SEWS Important for Nurses?

  • Catch deterioration early

  • Escalate care faster → better patient outcomes

  • Standardizes when to call for help (like MET or Code Blue)


🧠 Quick Mnemonic to Remember SEWS Actions:

"RIM"

  • R – Routine care (0-1)

  • I – Increase obs, Inform senior staff (2-3)

  • M – MET call if major deterioration (4+)


🧩 Summary Table for Quick Study

System

Meaning

Focus

Action

SETS

Standardised Early Warning Scoring System

Vitals Monitoring

Track changes over time

SEWS

Standardised Early Warning Score

Points-Based

Trigger escalation


Both SETS & SEWS help nurses identify sick patients early, before they crash.