module 10

  • changes in emotions are going to coincide with changes in your thoughts, motivations, actions

  • physiological response, sympathetic nervous system,

  • big change in subjective feelings, dread, terror, then motivaiton to flee, changing action poatterns,

  • so does subjective feeling of fear lead to thought that this scary or vice versa?

paul ekman

  • said that universally experienced and expressed part of beinghumna

functioanlist

  • emotions are goal oriented, vary by social context

  • a lot in comon btwn diff emotions, and we draw line btwn am i expeirnecing fear vs anger

  • more socialized or influenced by social context, not cut and dry, categorically diff emotions

  • discrete emtoin theory

    • small number of core emtions


basic emotions

  • 6 basic emotions

  • fear, anger, sadness, surprise, disgust

    • paul eckman

  • SOCIAL SIMILING, RANGE WHERE CHILDREN STAR TTO SMILE IN RESPONSE TO SOMEBODY ELSE SMILING AT THEM,

  • age 1, find humour and stuff too

  • fear,


chapter 10 readings:


what are emotions:

  • emotions change across multipel system

    • neural actibity, physiological responses, subjective expeirences, emotional expressions, cognition

  • ex. lion jumpig out

    • amygdala activated (fear), physiological (increased heart rate, pupils dilating, muscles ready for actions)

    • expression of fear on face, subjective expeirence of dread, action to run

  • what comes first? emotion before conscious thought, thoguhts cn influence mtoionsl ater, but initiatal feelings often drive thoguhts

  • where do emotins come from?

    • paul ekman

      • emtoions are innate, aech one has a biological basis (neural and physiological), but universal expression (fear and disgust lookt ehs ame globally)

      • ergues we have basic emotoins

    • functionalist, lisa feldman barrett

      • says emtoions are flexible and context dependent, and serve goals in sepcifci situation (ex. crying, get help)

      • bondaries between emotions arent clear cut, and sare hsaped by context and leanring

      • emotions may oberlap more than discrete theory says

KEY TAKEAWAYS

  • emotions are multis sytem

  • often automatic, and shape thoughtsa dn behaviours

  • discrete emotion theory and functionalist perspective


BASIC EMTIONS PART 1

  • discrete emtoin theory

    • says they are evolutionary evolve, biologically innate, and universally expressed

    • 6 basic ones: happiness, fear, anger, sadness, durprise, disgust


happiness

  • smiling, raised cheeks, squinting eyes,

  • less than 1 month, smiles during rem, disappears slowly in preterm suggesting that developmental age matters, less than 1 month, smile reflex from stroking cheeck, 3-8 weeks, smiles in response to new stimuli, affection, social ineraction

  • by 7 months, peference for familiar faces, less likely to smile at strangers

  • by 12 months HUMOUR!! PEEKABOO, SILLY SOUNDS


fear

  • mouth open or closed, grimacing, wide open eyes, middle of eybrows raised

  • less than 2 months, no clear fear epxression cause sensory systems are still developing

  • 7-8 months, stranger anxiety (peaks around age 2, tehn dispapears)

  • temperament: some infnats more biologically prone to fear

  • attachmetn quality: secure attachment, more confomrt

  • contextual factors: new enviornments, people or strange apeprances incrase fear

  • evolutionary importance, will ifants cant do shit so they need caregivers to help

  • stranger anxiety: ear of unfamiliar people

  • seperateion anxiety: disress when seperated/expecting to be seperated from attachent figure (peaks at 8-15, declines later, individual differencs)



ANGER

  • furrowed brows, outer eybrow lift, flared hnostrils, square mouth

  • early infancy, anger often mixed with sadness (distress)

  • 4 months, clearer difference btwn anger and sadness (ex. preventing baby from reaching toy evokes frustration)

  • 18-24 months (peak of anger expression)

  • 3+ years, anger expressions decine

    • why?

      • growth in language!! better self expressoin

      • can understand others povs better

      • more aware of social norms around emotional expression



BASIC EMTOTIONS PART 2:

  • sadness

    • downturned mouth corners, lips pushed together, social signal to indicate a need

    • infnacy: distress singals are seen, hard to differnetiate from anger”

    • toddlerhood, sadness in situations like parental seperation or unmet needs

  • key study:

    • children expressed fear with strangers and anger when toy was taken

    • but when they lookat mom, expression shifted to sadness, bcz theyre tryna communicate something


  • srurprise

    • arched brows, o shape

    • reaction to unexpected events that violate expectaiton

    • useful in violateion of expectation studies

    • startle, reflex to studdent stimulus from birth

    • surprise, cogntive realization that something didnt go as predicted, develops over first 6 months

    • ex. startle: jumping at sudden noise

    • surprise: realizing masked villan is acc your friend in movie



digust

  • flared nostiles,lips pulled back, tongue out

  • protects from harmful substnacse,signals danger to others

  • newborns: disgust to bitter tastes

  • toddlers: go" “yucky”

  • age 9: better at recognzing disgust in others

  • they can expresss disearly but take longer to undrestand it