UCSP-2ND-QUARTER

MODULE 2: CULTURAL

LESSON 1: KINSHIP, SOCIAL AND MARRIAGE, AND THE POLITICAL INSTITUTION

HOUSEHOLDS

KINSHIP

  • Definition: The web of social relationships forming an important part of human lives in societies.

  • Study Focus: Patterns of social relationships in human cultures.

  • Types of Kinship:

    1. Kinship by Blood: Relationships based on biological connections.

    2. Kinship by Marriage: Connections through marital unions.

    3. Kinship by Ritual: Formed through social rituals.

TYPES OF AFFILIATION BY KIN

  1. Unilineal Descent: Affiliation through one sex only.

    • Patrilineal Descent: Kin linked through male relatives only.

    • Matrilineal Descent: Kin linked through female relatives only.

    • Groups Depending on Unilineal Descent:

      • a. Lineages

      • b. Clans

      • c. Phratries

      • d. Moieties

  2. Ambilineal Descent: System containing both unilineal groups; belongs to both father's and mother's groups.

  3. Bilateral Descent: Equal importance given to relatives on both maternal and paternal sides.

MARRIAGE

  • Definition: Socially approved sexual and economic union, typically between a man and a woman.

  • Types of Marriage:

    1. Monogamy: One man marries one woman.

      • a. Serial Monogamy: Multiple marriages in sequence.

      • b. Non-serial Monogamy: One marriage at a time without previous marriages.

    2. Polygamy: Plural marriage.

      • a. Polygyny: One man marries multiple women.

      • b. Polyandry: One woman marries multiple men.

      • c. Cenogamy (Group Marriage): Multiple women marry multiple men.

SPECIAL FORMS OF POLYGYNY AND POLYANDRY

  • Polygyny:

    1. Sororal Polygyny: Wives are sisters.

    2. Nonsororal Polygyny: Wives are not related as sisters.

  • Polyandry:

    1. Fraternal Polyandry: Several brothers share the same wife.

    2. Nonfraternal Polyandry: No pre-existing close relation prior to marriage.

MARITAL CHOICE RULES

  1. Endogamy: Marrying within a particular group.

  2. Exogamy: Marrying outside of one's own group.

RITUAL KINSHIP

  • Definition: Social relationship formed by ritual events (e.g., godparents).

  • Compadrazgo: Relationship between compadres (parents and godparents) established during a child's baptism.

TYPES OF FAMILY

  1. Nuclear Family: Couple and their children living together.

  2. Extended Family: Nuclear family plus relatives (e.g., grandparents, aunts, uncles, cousins).

  3. Reconstituted Family: One or both parents with children from previous relationships form a new family.

  4. Single Parent Family: One parent raising a child or children.

TYPES OF FAMILY BY RESIDENCE

  1. Patrilocal Residence: Married couple lives near husband's parents; son stays, daughter leaves.

  2. Matrilocal Residence: Married couple lives near wife's parents; daughter stays, son leaves.

  3. Bilocal Residence: Married couple can live near either set of parents.