Land Uses Vocabulary
1. An agricultural technique in which more than two different crops are grown in the same area at the same time is*
interplanting
2. Agricultural practices that use many chemicals (for pesticides and fertilizers) and a lot of energy (fossil fuels to run machinery, for example) are classified as*
high input
3. Which of the following agricultural practices is MOST likely to be described as low input?*
subsistence
4. Planting crops in strips with rows of trees on each side of the rows describes which agricultural technique?*
alley cropping
5. Growing more than one crop in (neither crop is a tree species) the same field at the same time, generally in alternating rows or sections describes which agricultural technique?*
intercropping
6. Farming without the use of synthetic chemicals refers to*
organic farming
7. Another name for plowing is*
tilling
8. Cultivation of plants for food refers to*
agriculture
9. Growing trees as crops refers to*
agroforestry
10. Agricultural techniques that avoid plowing up land between planting are referred to as*
low or no till
11. Farming techniques that use lots of energy, chemicals, and resources include all of the following EXCEPT*
crop rotation
12. An agricultural system that exploits developing countries for their cheap labor and lack of environmental laws is*
plantation
13. Planting multiple varieties of the same species of crop is referred to as*
polyvarietal cultivation
14. Planting different crops at different times of the year is referred to as*
crop rotation
15. Planting different crops in the same place at the same time is referred to as*
polyculture
16. Planting a different species in every growing season is referred to as*
crop rotation
17. Agriculture done by a community for the immediate community, with little or no leftover crops available for sale refers to*
subsistence farming
18. Conversion of forest for the purpose of livestock grazing, agriculture, mining, or urban sprawl is*
deforestation
19. Fuelwood is*
Plant material that is used for heating homes and cooking
20. A method for harvesting trees that includes selecting specific trees in an area to cut and remove is*
selective cutting
21. A method for harvesting trees in which the largest and best trees are removed is*
1/1
high grading
22. A method for harvesting trees in which all mature trees in a forest are removed is*
shelterwood cutting
selective cutting
23. A method for harvesting trees in which the majority of the trees are harvested, but a few large, mature trees are left to try to speed up succession is*
seed tree cutting
24. A method for harvesting trees in which all trees in the entire ecosystem are cut down and removed is*
clear cutting
25. A method for harvesting trees in which trees are grown on plantation like tree farms*
even age management
26. A method for harvesting trees in which trees of various ages and stages of development are present is*
uneven age management
27. A method of harvesting trees in which all of the trees following the contour of the land are cut and removed from the ecosystem is*
strip cutting
28. Forests that have never been cut and harvested are referred to as*
old growth forests
29. Forests that are maintained as large monocultures are referred to as*
tree plantations
30. Forests that are in some state of re-growth following a cutting and harvesting event are referred to as*
secondary growth forests
31. Forestry refers to*
The management of forests as resources for humans
32. This is a species that has been created using recombinant DNA technology*
GMO
33. These include coal, oil, and natural gas*
fossil fuels
34. Any resource that is able to be regenerated on the human time scale is referred to as*
renewable resource
35. During mining, huge amounts of overburden/tailings are removed and placed adjacent to the mining site in huge highly erodible hills of ruble, which are referred to as*
spoil bank
36. In this type of mining, machines dig deep holes to remove ores, sand, gravel, and stone, leaving highly erodible sides and a place at the bottom where the eroded sides can accumulate and contaminate groundwater underneath the mine with toxic substances*
open pit mining
37. In this type of mining, machines remove the entire overburden covering up a reserve of coal (usually, though other minerals can be mined in this way)*
mountaintop removal
38. In this type of mining, machines tunnel deep into mountainsides or underground to get to reserves*
subsurface mining
39. In this type of mining, machines remove the overburden to expose a reserve in strips that follow the terrain in mountainous or hilly areas, leaving behind a wall of dirt that is highly erodible*
contour strip mining
40. In this type of mining, machines completely remove the overburden to expose a reserve, leaving behind large piles of highly erodible hills of rubble surrounding the mining site*
area strip mining
41. Open pit mining, mountaintop removal, area strip mining, and contour strip mining are all examples of*
surface mining
42. The highly erodible wall that is left behind during contour strip mining operations is referred to*
highwall
43. Resources whose locations, quantities, and qualities are known and that can be profitably extracted are referred to as*
proven reserves
44. The plants, soil, and rocks that are removed from an area to be mined are referred to as*
overburden
45. Resources that cannot be regenerated on a human time scale are referred to as*
nonrenewable resources
46. The time it takes to use up 80% of a resource at current rates of use*
depletion time
47. A graph that helps to understand how long a resource will last at current rates of use*
depletion curve
48. Rachel Carson is famous because*
She wrote Silent Spring in 1962
She made the public aware of the dangers of DDT
She made the public aware of the issues of biomagnification through food chains
She warned about species extinctions that could result from the overuse of pesticides
all of these
49. Any undesired species is a*
pest
50. A poison designed to kill a pest is a*
pesticide
51. The use of multiple strategies to control pest populations is*
integrated pest management
52. A pest species that has evolved resistance to a highly used pesticide is*
superpest
53. The build-up of pesticide within an organism throughout its life is*
bioaccumulation
54. The increasing levels of pesticides present in organisms that are higher up on the food chain is*
biomagnification
55. Not getting enough calories per day*
undernourishment
56. Not getting enough calories from each of the three main categories of macronutrient per day*
malnourishment
57. Wild lands dedicated to grazing animals are*
rangelands
58. Managed grasslands dedicated to grazing animals are*
pastures
59. Factory conditions in which grazing animals are raised are*
feedlots
60. A condition in which erosion has caused the soil to be unable to hold on to water, creating soils that get continually dried out over time*
desertification
61. A condition in which erosion has caused the soil to be unable to soak up water, creating soils that pool water up at the surface of the soil*
waterlogging
62. A condition in which soils treated with many chemicals (such as synthetic fertilizers and pesticides) gradually build up chemicals in the soil as a result of continued chemical application followed by evaporation of water from the soil surface*
salinization
63. Allowing cattle to consume all the way to the roots of grasses present in the pasture or rangeland*
overgrazing
64. This refers to the change in agriculture from small scale individual farms to large scale industrialized agriculture that occurred between the 1950s and the 1970s*
the Green Revolution
65. This refers to farming that is done in a way that protects the diversity of crop plants, the health of soils, and the responsible use of energy and chemicals*
sustainable agriculture
66. This refers to the shift to growing GMOs, particularly in developed countries, such as the US*
the Gene Revolution
67. The idea that all people should have access to enough high quality foods every day of the year*
food security