States of matter

Solid:

  • Holds its own shape

  • Has constant volume

  • Ex. Wood, silver

Liquid:

  • Takes shape of container

  • Has constant volume

  • Ex. Antifreeze, gasoline

Gas:

  • Takes volume & shape of container

  • Can be compressed

  • Ex. Helium, air, hydrogen

Plasma:

  • Similar to gas

  • Doesn’t have defined volume & shape

  • Has different electrical properties than gas

  • Ex. Lightning, sun

Kinetic Molecular Theory:

  • Helps visualize & understand structure of matter

  • Kinetic=movement

Key points on Molecular Theory:

  1. All particles are constantly moving

  2. All matter is made up of small particles

  3. A

  4. Particles exist in empty spaces

  5. Energy causes particles to move ( the more energy it has, the faster it moves)

Particles in a solid:

  • Very close together, packed

  • Vibrate but does move around

  • Attraction to each other is strong

Particles in liquid:

  • Very close together

  • Slip & slide past & revolvers around each other

  • Attraction is weaker than solid

Particles in gas:

  • Very far apart compared to size

  • Moves quickly & randomly in straight lines

  • Attraction to each other is 0