Lecture 1

}}What is an atom?}}

-smallest unit of matter that determines the structure and properties of matter

}}What is the structure of an atom?}}

-small, dense nucleus

-surrounded by a less dense electron cloud

-protons, neutrons, electrons = subatomic particles

}}What is atomic number?}}

-Z

-# of protons

-above element symbol

-atomic number = mass number - # of neutrons; (A - N)

}}What is mass number?}}

-A

-total # of protons + neutrons

-below element symbol

}}How do you find the number of neutrons?}}

-A - Z

-mass number - atomic number

}}How do you find the oxidation state/electrical charge of an ion?}}

-Z - # of electrons

-atomic number - # of electrons

+=losing, -=gaining

}}What is an isotope?}}

-atoms with the same atomic number (Z) , but with different mass numbers (A)

-mass of the isotope that is closest to the element in periodic table is more abundant