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• Blood is known to be a vital principle of the physical body. The discovery of the circulation of the blood was revolutionary in the study of anatomy.

• In more recent years it has been demonstrated that the health of the body depends on the rapidity of the blood flow; and blood transfusions are an accepted means of prolonging life.

• 1. Infection - the process of infecting or the state of being infected or one or more pathogenic agents (such as a bacteria, protozoans or viruses) in or on the body of a suitable host.

• Infection- An infection is the invasion of tissues by pathogens, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agent and the toxins they produce called SEPSIS

• NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION - is an infection that is acquired in a hospital or other healthcare facility

Neoplasm is an abnormal growth of tissue.

•Also known as a tumor

*(meaning "new formation"

BONE MARROW TRANSPLANT

THE STATE OR PRESENCE OF A MALIGNANT TUMOR; CANCER.

"AFTER BIOPSY, EVIDENCE OF MALIGNANCY WAS FOUND"

MS vs GBS

• They affect different types of myelin.

Axon

* Multiple Sclerosis, it is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS)

• Guillain-Barre is a demyelinating disease of the peripheral nervous system

• The cells that make up the myelin in the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system are different:

• CNS myelin: Oligodendroglia

• PNS myelin: Schwann cells.

WHILE MS DESTROYS THE MYELIN OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (THE BRAIN, SPINAL CORD, AND OPTIC NERVES), GUILLAIN-BARRÉ SYNDROME (GBS) DESTROYS THE MYELIN OF THE PERIPHERAL NERVES-THOSE THAT GO OUT FROM THE BRAINSTEM AND SPINAL CORD TO ALL OTHER PARTS OF THE BODY.

Symptoms of Fibromyalgia

Central

• Chronic headaches

• Sleep disorders

• Dizziness

• Cognitive impairment

• Memory impairment

• Anxiety

• Depression

Muscular

• Myofascial
  pain

• Fatigue

• Twitches

  urinary

• Problems urinating

Eyes

- Vision problems

Joint of jaw

• Dysfunction

• Skin

• Various complaints

• Chest region

• Pain
  Stomach

• Nausea

Joints

- Morning stiffness

Systemic

• Pain

• Weight gain

• Cold symptoms

Reproductive system - Dysmenorrhea

FIBROMYALGIA-A CHRONIC DISORDER CHARACTERIZED BY WIDESPREAD PAIN AND OTHER SYMPTOMS SUCH AS FATIGUE, MUSCLE STIFFNESS, AND INSOMNIA.

Wegener's granulomatosis = Granulomatosis with polyangiitis

Granulomas

Inflamation of Blood Vessels

(Medium and small sized)

Nosebleed

Crusting nose

Stuffiness, Runny nose

GRANULOMATOSIS WITH POLYANGITIS IS AN UNCOMMON DISORDER THAT/ CAUSES INFLAMMATION OF THE BLOOD VESSELS IN YOUR NOSE, SINUSÉS, THROAT LUNGS AND KIDNEYS, FORMERLY CALLED WEGENER'S GRANULOMATOSIS, THIS CONDITION IS ONE OF A GROUP OF BLOOD VESSEL DISORDERS CALLED VASCULITIS, IT SLOWS BLOOD FLOW TO SOME OF YOUR ORGANS

MEDICO-LEGAL IMPORTANCE IN THE STUDY OF BLOOD

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Find

C Replace

A Select ~

Editing

BONE MARROW TRANSPLANT

Salvador is presentingpas

Slide 1 of 29

English (Philippines)

A complete blood type would describe each of the 38 blood groups, and ar individual's blood type is one of many possible combinations of blood-group antigens.

Almost always, an individuathas the same blood group for life, but very rare an individual's blood type changes through addition or suppression of an antigen in

1. infection, 2. malignancy (Benign or Malignant), or 3. gutoimmune diseases.

In this chapter, you are going to learn the more common cause of blood type change in a bone marrow transplant.

Bone-marrow transplants are performed for many leukemias and lymphomas, among other diseases. If a person receives bone marrow from someone who is a different ABO type (e.g., a type A patient receives a type O bone marrow), the patient's blood type will eventually convért to the donor's type.

ATOPIC DERMATITIS (ECZEMA) IS A CONDITION THAT CAUSES DRY, ITCHY AND INFLAMED SKIN. IT'S COMMON IN YOUNG CHILDREN BUT CAN OCCUR AT ANY AGE. ATOPIC DERMATITIS IS LONG LASTING (CHRONIC) AND TENDS TO FLARE SOMETIMES. IT CAN BE IRRITATING BUT IT'S NOT CONTAGIOUS

ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS, ALSO KNOWN AS AXIAL SPONDYLOARTHRITIS, IS AN INFLAMMATORY DISEASE THAT, OVER TIME, CAN CAUSE SOME OF THE BONES IN THE SPINE

PSORIASIS CAUSES PATCHES OF THICK RED SKIN AND SILVERY SCALES. PATCHES ARE TYPICALLY FOUND ON THE ELBOWS, KNEES, SCALP, LOWER BACK, FACE, PALMS, AND SOLES OF FEET, BUT CAN AFFECT OTHER PLACES (FINGERNAILS, TOENAILS, AND MOUTH). THE MOST COMMON TYPE OF PSORIASIS IS CALLED PLAQUE PSORIASIS

HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA IS A DISORDER IN WHICH RED BLOOD CELLS ARE DESTROYED FASTER THAN THEY CAN BE MADE. THE DESTRUCTION OF RED BLOOD CELLS IS CALLED HEMOLYSIS. RED BLOOD CELLS CARRY OXYGEN TO ALL PARTS OF YOUR BODY. IF YOU HAVE A LOWER THAN NORMAL AMOUNT OF RED BLOOD CELLS, YOU HAVE ANEMIA.

DIABETIC NEUROPATHY IS A TYPE OF NERVE DAMAGE THAT CAN OCCUR IF YOU HAVE DIABETES. HIGH BLOOD SUGAR (GLUCOSE) CAN INJURE NERVES THROUGHOUT THE BODY. DIABETIC NEUROPATHY MOST OFTEN DAMAGES NERVES IN THE LEGS AND FEET

PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY, A RESULT OF DAMAGE TO THE NERVES LOCATED

OUTSIDE OF THE BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD (PERIPHERAL NERVES), OFTEN CAUSES WEAKNESS, NUMBNESS AND PAIN, USUALLY IN THE HANDS AND FEÉT. IT CAN ALSO AFFECT OTHER AREAS AND BODY FUNCTIONS INCLUDING DIGESTION, URINATION AND CIRCULATION.

THYROIDITIS IS SWELLING (INFLAMMATION) OF THE THYROID GLAND. IT CAUSES EITHER UNUSUALLY HIGH OR LOW LEVELS OF THYROID HORMONES IN THE BLOOD. THE THYROID IS A BUTTERFLY-SHAPED GLAND IN THE NECK. IT PRODUCES HORMONES THAT CONTROL THE BODY'S GROWTH AND METABOLISM

CROHN'S DISEASE IS A TYPE OF INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE (IBD). IT CAUSES SWELLING OF THE TISSUES (INFLAMMATION) IN YOUR DIGESTIVE TRACT, WHICH CAN LEAD TO ABDOMINAL PAIN, SEVERE DIARRHEA, FATIGUE, WEIGHT LOSS AND MALNUTRITION

COELIAC DISEASE IS A CONDITION WHERE YOUR IMMUNE SYSTEM ATTACKS YOUR OWN TISSUES WHEN YOU EAT GLUTEN. THIS DAMAGES YOUR GUT (SMALL INTESTINE) SO YOU ARE UNABLE TO TAKE IN NUTRIENTS. COELIAC DISEASE CAN CAUSE A RANGE OF SYMPTOMS, INCLUDING DIARRHOEA, ABDOMINAL PAIN AND BLOATING

SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS (SLE), IS THE MOST COMMON TYPE OF LUPUS. SLE IS AN AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE IN WHICH THE IMMUNE SYSTEM ATTACKS ITS OWN TISSUES, CAUSING WIDESPREAD INFLAMMATION AND TISSUE DAMAGE IN THE AFFECTED ORGANS.

IT CAN AFFECT THE JOINTS, SKIN, BRAIN, LUNGS, KIDNEYS, AND BLOOD VESSELS.

RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS, OR RA, IS AN AUTOIMMUNE AND INFLAMMATORY DISEASE, WHICH MEANS THAT YOUR IMMUNE SYSTEM ATTACKS HEALTHY CELLS IN YOUR BODY BY MISTAKE, CAUSING INFLAMMATION (PAINFUL SWELLING) IN THE AFFECTED PARTS OF THE BODY. RA MAINLY ATTACKS THE JOINTS, USUALLY MANY JOINTS AT ONCE

RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS, OR RA, IS AN AUTOIMMUNE AND INFLAMMATORY DISEASE, WHICH MEANS THAT YOUR IMMUNE SYSTEM ATTACKS HEALTHY CELLS IN YOUR BODY BY MISTAKE, CAUSING INFLAMMATION (PAINFUL SWELLING) IN THE AFFECTED PARTS OF THE BODY. RA MAINLY ATTACKS THE JOINTS, USUALLY MANY JOINTS AT ONCE

The prostate is a part of the male reproductive system, which includes the penis, prostate, seminal vesicles, and testicles. The prostate is located just below the bladder and in front of the rectum. It is about the size of a walnut and surrounds the urethra (the tube that empties urine from the bladder).

POLYMY ALGIA

HEUMATICA IS AN INFLAMMATORY DISORDER THAT CAUSES MUSCLE PAIN

AND STIFFNESS, ESPECIALLY IN THE SHOULDERS AND HIPS. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF POLYMYALGIA RHEUMATICA (POL-E-MY-AL-JUH RUE-MAT-IH-KUH) USUALLY BEGIN QUICKLY AND ARE WORSE IN THE MORNING

1. FOR IDENTIFICATION WHETHER THE BLOOD IS OF HUMAN IN ORIGIN OR NOT...

2. FOR BLOOD TRANSFUSION AND CROSS MATCHING FOR DISPUTED PERCENTAGE CORROBORATION OF EVIDENCE AGAINST OR IN FAVOR OF THE PERPETRATOR OF THE CRIME

3. DETERMINATION OF CAUSE OF DEATH. THE AMOUNT OF BLOOD LOSS WITHOUT BEING REPLACED. CHERRY RED COLOR OF BLOOD MAY INDICATE CARBON MONOXIDE POISONING

1. DETERMINATION IN THE DIRECTION OF ESCAPE OF THE VICTIM OR ASSAILANT THROUGH DROPS OF BLOOD OR STAIN DARK RED SUGGESTIVE OF CYANIDE POISONING.

2. DETERMINATION OF THE APPROXIMATE TIME THE CRIME WAS COMMITTED FROM THE STUDY OF THE AGEING OF THE BLOOD SPILLED BLOOD-STAINED MATERIALS.

GRAVES' DISEASE IS AN IMMUNE SYSTEM DISORDER THAT RESULTS IN THE OVERPRODUCTION OF THYROID HORMONES (HYPERTHYROIDISM). ALTHOUGH A NUMBER OF DISORDERS MAY RESULT IN HYPERTHYROIDISM, GRAVES' DISEASE IS A COMMON CAUSE. THYROID HORMONES AFFECT MANY BODY SYSTEMS, SO SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF GRAVES' DISEASE CAN BE WIDE RANGING