module4 network vitualization
Page 1: Introduction
Title: VIRTUALIZED DATA CENTER - NETWORKING EMC2
Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
Page 2: Network Virtualization
Definition: Network virtualization enables multiple service providers to create and manage multiple heterogeneous virtual networks that operate independently and in isolation.
Features:
Dynamic composition of virtual networks.
Deployment of customized services on-the-fly.
Effective sharing of underlying network resources from multiple infrastructure providers.
Page 3: Network Virtualization Process
Logically segmenting physical networks to operate as independent virtual networks (Virtual Network(s)).
Benefits:
Sharing of network resources among virtual networks.
Communication between nodes in the same virtual network without routing.
Controlled routing for communications between different virtual networks.
Management traffic is kept isolated from other networks.
Page 4: Operation of Virtual Networks
Virtual networks appear as physical networks to connected nodes.
Node Communication:
Nodes in the same virtual network communicate directly.
Requires routing for communication across different virtual networks even if on the same physical network.
Management traffic is restricted within virtual networks, allowing modular, functional grouping.
Page 5: Network Virtualization in Virtual Data Centers (VDC)
Involves virtualizing:
Physical networks
Virtual Machine (VM) networks
Key Components:
Physical NICs
Hypervisors
Network adapters, switches, routers, etc.
Connectivity among physical servers, clients, and storage systems.
Page 6: Virtual NICs and Hypervisor
VM Network: Resides inside physical servers and includes logical switches (virtual switches).
Connectivity:
VMs connect to virtual switches for internal communication.
Hypervisor kernels link with VM networks and physical networks.
Page 7: VM Communication
Communication between VMs on separate physical servers requires traveling through both VM and physical networks.
Hypervisor traffic is necessary for transferring VM traffic.
Page 8: Role of VM Networks
A VM network consists of virtual switches allowing VM communication within a physical server, ensuring efficiency and lower delays.
Hypervisor kernels use VM networks to communicate with management and storage systems effectively.
Page 9: Creation of Virtual Networks in VDC
Administrator Capabilities: Creation of multiple virtual networks within VDC, spanning VM and physical networks.
Configurability: Virtual networks can manage and share resources while maintaining isolation and functional grouping.
Page 10: Virtual Networking Designs
Virtual networks can include elements like virtual LANs and virtual SANs, enabling efficient resource sharing without compromising security and performance.
Page 11: Network Virtualization Tools
Hypervisors and physical switch Operating Systems (OS) play pivotal roles in creating virtual networks.
OS must support network virtualization functionality for effective management.
Page 12: Detailed Functionality of Virtualization Tools
Physical Switch OS: Must have network virtualization capabilities to enable virtual network creation.
Hypervisor Uses: Built-in networking functions or third-party software for enhanced networking configurations.
Page 13: Components of VDC Network Infrastructure
Components include virtual NICs, virtual HBAs, virtual switches, and physical adapters.
Enable interconnectivity for optimized resource usage.
Page 14: Traffic Flow Example 1
Visualization of virtual networks connecting various VMs with traffic type distinctions: VM, management, IP storage, and VM migration.
Page 15: Connectivity Overview
The connectivity between physical servers and IP storage via a physical Ethernet switch, demonstrating VM interactions.
Page 16: Hypervisor Kernel Connectivity
The hypervisor kernel's role in managing different types of network traffic across virtual and physical switches.
Page 17: Traffic Flow Example 2
Comparison with prior example using FC/iSCSI and the interactions between various VM types and storage components.
Page 18: Connectivity for Storage Traffic
Highlights unique connectivity configurations for utilizing FC or iSCSI storage arrays through the hypervisor kernel.
Page 19: Traffic Flow Example 3
Illustration of multiple traffic types interacting through a unified physical server setup utilizing a CNA.
Page 20: CNA Functionality
Explains the advantages of using a CNA both for FC and IP storage access using a single adapter.
Page 21: Virtual Network Component: Virtual NIC
Each VM can possess multiple virtual NICs; they function similarly to physical NICs but are configured within a virtual environment.
Page 22: Virtual NIC Attributes
Unique MAC and IP addresses support standard Ethernet protocols and ensure seamless communication in the virtual networking landscape.
Page 23: Virtual Switch Characteristics
Acts as a logical OSI layer 2 switch that forwards traffic among VMs and interfaces with the hypervisor kernel.
Page 24: Operations of Virtual Switches
Functionality: Traffic management, MAC address table maintenance, and frame forwarding across VMs and physical networks.
Page 25: Hypervisor Kernel Traffic Management
Directs VM communication to physical networks and facilitates management traffic across various layers of the infrastructure.
Page 26: Multi-Physical NIC Connections
Connection schemes for virtual switches enable load balancing and failover capabilities enhancing reliability.
Page 27: Outbound Traffic Distribution
Virtually distributed traffic enhances performance, with standby physical NICs ensuring continuity.
Page 28: Internal VM Traffic Handling
Virtual switches manage traffic internally when not connected to physical NICs, sustaining VM interactions effectively.
Page 29: Inter-switch Communication
Details on how frames can be transferred between virtual switches via linked VMs when direct connections are absent.
Page 30: Virtual Switch Ports and Groups
Classification of ports: hypervisor kernel port, VM port, and uplink port facilitates diverse traffic flows within a single virtual switch.
Page 31: Port Group Functionality
Port groups enable uniform policy settings for linked VMs, promoting administrative ease and efficiency.
Page 32: Network Policy Applications for Port Groups
Streamlines configurations across VM ports for security and bandwidth management principles.
Page 33: MAC Address Protections
Strategies for dynamically changing MAC addresses assigned to virtual NICs to enhance network security.
Page 34: Distributed Virtual Switch Overview
Conceptual aggregation of multiple virtual switches across physical servers to centralize network management.
Page 35: Benefits of Distributed Switch
Enhanced centralized management capabilities for VM networks improves administrative efficiency and consistency of configurations.
Page 36: Advancements with Distributed Virtual Switch
Streamlines network configuration processes, ensuring uniformity in policy application irrespective of server migration.
Page 37: Physical NIC Functions
Role: Interlinks between virtual and physical switches while managing traffic without direct network addressing.
Page 38: Plane of Physical NICs
Physical NICs serve as a bridge that transports hypervisor and VM traffic while remaining unaddressable from external networks.
Page 39: Addressing of Virtual NICs
Virtual NICs ensure network accessibility with individual MAC and IP addresses empowering efficient data transfer.
Page 40: Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN)
Defines a logical network framework improving broadcast management, security, and operational efficiency.
Page 41: VLAN Configuration Steps
Steps include defining VLAN IDs, assigning necessary IDs to switch ports, and enabling grouping in VLANs.
Page 42: Membership and Communication in VLANs
Nodes join VLANs by connecting to respective ports; VLAN traffic management requires router modules for inter-VLAN communication.
Page 43: VLAN Trunking
Mechanism allowing multiple VLANs to share a single network connection, reducing the complexity of physical connections.
Page 44: Advantages of VLAN Trunking
Benefits: Minimizes physical link requirements and overall complexity in network architecture, optimizing resource utilization.
Page 45: VLAN Tagging Process
Process ensures correct VLAN traffic identification during transit across trunk links for seamless connectivity.
Page 46: VLAN Trunking Example
Displays how multiple VLANs coexist on trunk links, with group allocations enhancing organization and management.
Page 47: Network Traffic Management Essentials
Key considerations include load balancing, policy-based management, and guaranteed service levels using shared resources.
Page 48: Techniques for Effective Network Traffic Management
Categories of techniques include hardware/software load balancing, storm control, NIC teaming, and traffic shaping.
Page 49: Hardware-Based Load Balancing
Mechanism where physical switches distribute client traffic; IP abstraction enhances seamless server communication.
Page 50: Storm Control Technique
Prevents network congestion from excessive frame flooding using threshold-based traffic management strategies.
Page 51: Software-Based Load Balancing
Software solutions manage client traffic flows and balance workloads effectively across server environments.
Page 52: NIC Teaming Benefits
Creates active/standby configurations for NICs, enabling traffic distribution and redundancy for failures.
Page 53: Limit and Share Configuration Techniques
Configurant strategies define bandwidth caps and distribution priorities for various traffic types ensuring fair use.
Page 54: Traffic Shaping Dynamics
Regulatory measures for traffic management including average/burst bandwidth specifications to safeguard critical processes.
Page 55: Multipathing Techniques
Describes how multiple paths are utilized for data transfer to maintain performance and provide failover resources in connection between servers and storage.