moles road map

dimensional analysis cheat sheet

central hub = moles

most problems go through moles at some point

mass ⇆ moles

moles → grams: moles × molar mass (g/mol) = grams

grams → moles: grams ÷ molar mass = moles

moles ⇆ particles (atoms, molecules, formula units)

moles → particles: moles × 6.02 × 10^23 = particles

particles → moles: particles ÷ 6.02 × 10^23 = moles

moles ⇆ volume of gas (stp only)

moles → liters of gas @ stp: moles × 22.4 l = liters

liters → moles: liters ÷ 22.4 l = moles

mass ⇆ volume (any substance, not just gas)

density = mass ÷ volume

grams → ml: grams ÷ density = ml

ml → grams: ml × density = grams

combined conversions (multi-step)

molecules → moles → grams

grams → moles → molecules

formula units → moles → grams

grams → ml (using density)

grams → moles → liters (gas at stp)

quick reference factors

molar mass = from periodic table (g/mol)

avogadro’s number = 6.02 × 10^23 particles/mol

stp gas volume = 22.4 l/molol