Glandular Epithelia

Introduction to Glandular Epithelium

Flashcard 1

Term: What are the two types of epithelial tissue?
Definition:

1. Lining epithelia

2. Glandular epithelia

Flashcard 2

Term: What is glandular epithelium?
Definition: Epithelial tissue specialised to produce and release secretions.

Flashcard 3

Term: What substances can glandular epithelium produce?
Definition:

• Mucus

• Sebum

• Milk

• Gastric juices

Flashcard 4

Term: Where are glandular secretions released?
Definition: Into a lumen of an organ or onto a body surface.

Flashcard 5

Term: What are epithelial glands?
Definition: Glandular cells located within an epithelial surface that produce secretions.

Flashcard 6

Term: What is an example of a unicellular epithelial gland?
Definition: Goblet cells in respiratory epithelium that secrete mucus.

Formation of Glands

Flashcard 7

Term: How do multicellular glands form?
Definition: By invagination (infolding) of epithelial cells into underlying connective tissue.

Flashcard 8

Term: What happens after glandular invagination?
Definition: Supportive tissues develop around the gland to protect and support it.

Types of Glands

Flashcard 9

Term: What are the two major types of glands in the human body?
Definition:

1. Exocrine glands

2. Endocrine glands

Flashcard 10

Term: What are exocrine glands?
Definition: Glands that release secretions through ducts into a lumen or onto a body surface.

Flashcard 11

Term: Give examples of exocrine glands.
Definition:

• Sweat glands

• Salivary glands

• Mammary glands

• Parts of the pancreas

Flashcard 12

Term: What are endocrine glands?
Definition: Glands that release hormones into the extracellular space and bloodstream.

Flashcard 13

Term: Give examples of endocrine glands.
Definition:

• Pituitary gland

• Thyroid gland

• Adrenal glands

• Pancreas

Classification of Exocrine Glands

Flashcard 14

Term: What three criteria classify exocrine glands?
Definition:

1. Structure

2. Type of secretion

3. Mode of secretion

Classification by Structure

Flashcard 15

Term: What are unicellular glands?
Definition: Single secretory cells, such as goblet cells.

Flashcard 16

Term: What are multicellular glands?
Definition: Clusters or networks of secretory cells forming a gland.

Flashcard 17

Term: How are multicellular glands classified based on ducts?
Definition:

• Simple glands

• Compound glands

Flashcard 18

Term: What is a simple gland?
Definition: A gland with one single duct.

Flashcard 19

Term: What is a compound gland?
Definition: A gland with a branching network of ducts.

Shape of Secretory Units

Flashcard 20

Term: What are the main shapes of secretory units in exocrine glands?
Definition:

• Tubular

• Acinar (alveolar)

• Tubuloacinar

Flashcard 21

Term: What is a tubular gland?
Definition: A gland with tube-shaped secretory units.

Flashcard 22

Term: What is an acinar (alveolar) gland?
Definition: A gland with berry-like or sac-like secretory units.

Flashcard 23

Term: What is a tubuloacinar gland?
Definition: A gland containing both tubular and acinar secretory structures.

Types of Simple Glands

Flashcard 24

Term: What are the main types of simple tubular glands?
Definition:

• Simple tubular

• Simple coiled tubular

• Simple branched tubular

Flashcard 25

Term: What are the types of simple acinar glands?
Definition:

• Simple acinar (alveolar)

• Simple branched acinar

Compound Glands

Flashcard 26

Term: What are the main types of compound glands?
Definition:

• Compound tubular

• Compound acinar (alveolar)

• Compound tubuloacinar

Classification by Type of Secretion

Flashcard 27

Term: What are mucous glands?
Definition: Glands that produce thick, sticky mucus containing glycoproteins.

Flashcard 28

Term: What are serous glands?
Definition: Glands that produce watery, protein-rich secretions.

Modes of Secretion

Flashcard 29

Term: What are the three modes of secretion in exocrine glands?
Definition:

1. Merocrine

2. Apocrine

3. Holocrine

Flashcard 30

Term: What is merocrine secretion?
Definition: Secretions are released via exocytosis in vesicles while the cell remains intact.

Flashcard 31

Term: Give an example of merocrine secretion.
Definition: Salivary glands.

Flashcard 32

Term: What is apocrine secretion?
Definition: The apical portion of the cell pinches off to release the secretion.

Flashcard 33

Term: Give an example of apocrine secretion.
Definition: Mammary glands during milk production.

Flashcard 34

Term: What is holocrine secretion?
Definition: The entire cell ruptures to release its secretion.

Flashcard 35

Term: What happens to cells during holocrine secretion?
Definition: The cell dies and is replaced by a new cell.

Flashcard 36

Term: Give an example of holocrine secretion.
Definition: Sebaceous glands of the skin.

Quick Comparison Flashcard (High Yield)

Flashcard 37

Term: Compare the three modes of secretion.
Definition: