Legislative branch (Unit 6)

Page 1: Introduction to Congress

  • The Legislative Branch: Congress

Page 2: Origins of Congress

  • Article I of the US Constitution establishes the Legislative Branch.

  • Essential Question: Why did the Framers believe Congress was the most important branch of the US Government?

Page 3: Class Discussion on Government Power

  • Discussion on changes in government power dynamics.

  • Essential Question: Which of the three branches of government is the most powerful today? (Legislative, Executive, Judicial)

Page 4: Legislative Branch Group

  • Group distinctions among the Legislative, Executive, and Judicial Branches.

  • Roles: Chief of Staff, Majority Leader, Communications Director, Strategic Advisor, Researchers.

Page 5: Primary Function of the Legislative Branch

  • Analyze, debate, and vote on legislation.

  • Legislation impacts millions of Americans; law-making is the key duty of Congress (House & Senate).

Page 6: Legislative Process

  • Drafting Bills:

    • Origin: Members of Congress, the Administration, etc.

    • Process: Introduction in House or Senate ➡️ committee review ➡️ modifications ➡️ floor activity ➡️ final vote ➡️ presidential approval.

Page 7: Influences on Congress

  • Constituents

  • Political Party

  • Other Members of Congress

  • The US President

  • Special Interest Groups (Lobbying)

  • Media Outlets

Page 8: Legislative Tactics

  • Discharge Petition

  • Amendments

  • Riders

  • Filibuster/Cloture

  • Logrolling

  • Pork Barrel Legislation/Earmarks

Page 9: Statutory vs. Constitutional Laws

  • Essential Question: Compare the differences between statutory laws and constitutional laws.

Page 10: Nonlegislative Duties

  • Electoral Powers of the US House & Senate:

    • US House: Elects the President if the Electoral College fails.

    • US Senate: Selects the Vice President.

Page 11: Nonlegislative Duties Part II

  • Impeachment Proceedings (House & Senate roles), Treaty Making Powers (2/3 Senate approval), Judicial Appointments, Investigation/Oversight Powers.

Page 12: Constitutional Duties of Congress

  • Article 1 Section 8 outlines duties:

    1. Passing Legislation

    2. Coining Money

    3. Tax Powers

    4. Federal Budget

    5. Declare War

    6. Approve Treaties

    7. Approve Judicial Nominations

    8. Maintain US Armed Forces

Page 13: 2020 Congressional District Map

Page 14: Congressional District Map 2010

  • Election outcomes and party control (Democrats, Republicans, Independents).

Page 15: Congressional District Terms

  • Apportionment: Distribution of districts based on population.

  • Reapportionment: Changes after Census data collection.

  • Gerrymandering: Drawing districts to favor a political party.

Page 16: Example of Gerrymandering

  • Study: Houston, TX 2nd District example with relevant data.

Page 17: Survey Time

  • Questions on future residency and ideological/political influence on decisions.

Page 18: Congressional Offices

  • Importance of separation among Capitol Hill office (Legislation), District Offices (Constituent Services), Campaign Office (Re-election Headquarters).