M4 - Monitoring and Controlling
Monitoring and Controlling
Phases of Project Management:
Initiation
Planning
Executing
Closing
Pre-Project Work
Post-Project Work
Key processes include continuous feedback and adjustment throughout the project life cycle.
Waterfall vs Agile Monitoring Approaches
Waterfall Approach
Frequency and Timing:
Monitoring occurs at specific milestones or phases of the project.
Flexibility and Adaptation:
Focuses on adherence to a predefined plan and schedule.
Changes are infrequent and require formal change control procedures.
Tools Used:
Gantt charts
Risk logs
Change control logs
Surveys, Interviews, etc.
Key Actor:
Project Manager
Agile Approach
Frequency and Timing:
Continuous and iterative through daily standup and retrospective ceremonies.
Flexibility and Adaptation:
Allows for frequent assessment and adjustments based on user feedback from sprint reviews.
Tools Used:
Burndown charts
Velocity charts
Sprint task boards
Daily scrums, Retrospectives
Key Actor:
Scrum Master
Qualitative vs Quantitative Monitoring
Qualitative Monitoring
Description:
Involves subjective assessments and non-numerical data.
Methods:
360 Surveys and Questionnaires:
Used to gather feedback from team members, stakeholders, and users.
Interviews:
One-on-one or focus group interviews to gain deeper insights.
Observation:
Watching and noting behaviors and interactions in real-time.
Meeting Discussions:
Are stakeholders engaged?
Are project communications effective?
Are resources being effectively managed and available as expected?
Quantitative Monitoring
Description:
Involves numeric data and metrics.
Types of Monitoring:
Status Monitoring:
Monitoring Gantt chart progress against the baseline.
Progress Monitoring:
Using burndown charts (or burnup charts) to track development progress.
Forecast Monitoring:
Utilizing velocity charts to examine average team capacity.