Imperialism

Imperialism: Expanding a nation’s influence through colonization or control.

Reasons for Colonization: Economic resources, political power, strategic advantage, cultural motives.

Effects of Imperialism: Positive—modernization; Negative—exploitation, cultural destruction.

Louisiana Purchase (1803): Doubled U.S. size, secured trade routes.

Acquisition of Florida (1819): Bought from Spain, secured southern borders.

Mexican War (1846-1848): Gained Texas, California, and Southwest U.S.

Commodore Perry in Japan (1853-1854): Ended Japan’s isolation, opened trade.

Purchase of Alaska (1867): Bought from Russia, rich in resources.

Annexation of Hawaii (1898): Key naval base, strengthened U.S. economy.

Spanish-American War (1898): Established U.S. as a world power.

Yellow Journalism: Sensationalized news pushed U.S. toward war.

Open Door Policy: Ensured equal trade access in China.

Monroe Doctrine (1823): Warned Europe against interfering in the Americas.

Roosevelt Corollary: Expanded U.S. intervention in Latin America.

Causes of WWI (MAIN): Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, Nationalism.

Sinking of Lusitania (1915): German attack angered U.S.

Zimmerman Telegram (1917): Germany encouraged Mexico to attack U.S.

Spark of WWI: Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand (1914).

Triple Alliance: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy.

Triple Entente: Britain, France, Russia.

WWI Propaganda: Posters, speeches, media influenced public support.

Treaty of Versailles (1919): Harsh penalties on Germany.

Treaty’s Role in WWII: Fueled economic hardship and German resentment.

Red Scare: Fear of communism led to strict immigration laws.

Prohibition (1920-1933): Alcohol ban increased organized crime.

Harlem Renaissance: Celebrated Black arts, culture, and identity.

Key Figures: Langston Hughes, Duke Ellington, Zora Neale Hurston.

19th Amendment (1920): Gave women the right to vote.

Causes of Great Depression: Stock crash, bank failures, overproduction.

Hoover’s Policies: Minimal government intervention worsened crisis.

New Deal Goals: Relief, Recovery, Reform.

FDIC: Insured bank deposits, restored trust.

Social Security: Provided financial support to elderly and disabled.

CCC: Jobs for young men in conservation projects.

PWA: Built large-scale infrastructure.

TVA: Provided electricity, flood control in rural areas.

WPA: Created jobs in public works and arts.

Imperialism Map: Know locations of former colonies.