Chapter 1: Foundations of Biology 

Biology- scientific study of life

Organization- classifies cell size, structure, and function

Cell- smallest unit of life

Prokaryote- lacks nucleus and smaller than eukaryote. Ex: bacteria

Eukaryote- is membrane bound. Ex: humans

Biosphere- all life on earth

Ecosystem- all living and nonliving things in a particular area

Community- array of organisms inhabiting a particular ecosystem

Population- all individuals of a species living within the bounds of a specific area

Organism- individual living thing

Organ- a pat of an organism with specific function and properties

Tissue- group of cell that perform a specialized function

Cell- basic unit of life

Organelle- functional component of a cell

Molecule- smallest unit of chemistry

Genetic Material- DNA

Geonomics- study go genes

Geonome- organisms nucleic acid sequences

Energy and Matter- Life requires the transfer and transformation of energy and matter

Interaction- organisms interaction with other organisms and the physical environment

Diversity- hallmark of life variability of life on earth

Domains of life- bacteria, archaea, and eukarya

Bacteria- diverse, widespread prokaryote

Archaea- single cell prokaryote, lives in extreme environments

Eukarya- distinguished partly of their modes of nutrition

Plantae- multicellular

Fungi- absorbe nutrition

Animalia- injest of organisms

Protists- unicellular

Creation- Genesis 1

Evolution- Darwin

Big Bang- Everything randomly came to existence

Deep Sea Vent- Underwater vents

Science- latin for knowledge

Inquiry- a search for info and and explanations of natural phenomena

Data- recorded observations

Qualitative- descriptions of what is observed

Quantitative- numerical measurements

Inductive Reasoning- specific observation to general conclusion

Deductive Reasoning- general observations to specific conclusions

Scientific Process Step 1- exploration and discovery

Scientific Process Step 2- forming and testing hypothesis

Scientific Process Step 3- societal benefits and outcomes

Scientific Process Step 4- community feedback and analysis

Hypothesis- testable explanation, question, or idea

Experiment- testing a hypothesis

Theory- broader than a hypothesis

Controlled Experiment- compare an experimental group with a control group

Variable- factor that varies

Adaptation- change in organism to better live in an environment. Ex: biological, physiological, and sociological.