Mountains

Types of Mountains

• Mountains are classified into-

  • fold mountains

  • block mountains

  • volcanic mountains

Fold Mountains

• Created by upward pressure where two tectonic plates collide

• As plates collide, rock buckle is pushed upwards, creating fold mountains.

Block Mountains

• Created when cracks in Earth’s crust, known as faults, forcing blocks of land upwards

• The processes of faulting is known when rocks that are cooler due to being at the surface becomes compressed and lifted up in giant blocks along fault lines to create block mountains.

Volcanic Mountains

• Created by volcanoes when magma pushes from the crust to the surface, creating new land and landforms

• A shield volcano is a broad, gently sloping volcano formed by the flow of low-viscosity lava, resulting in a wide, dome-like shape.

• Volcanic cones are steep, conical hills built up by lava, ash, and rock from volcanic eruptions.

• Hot spots are volcanic areas that are in the middle of a plate, where the mantle is hotter, and molten rock is forced upwards.