102.12 pH

PH starts with water

PH stands for potential hydrogen and is numerical measurement that indicates the acidity or alkalinity of water-based substance.

If pH products are not within a certain pH range, they can be damaging and possibly even deadly.

The breaking apart of the H2O molecules will always result in a 1:1 ratio of positive H+ ions and negative OH- ions.

That is why pure water is considered a neutral substance.

ACIDS AND ALKALIS

Water is all around us and therefore, so are acids and alkalis.

An acid is a substance that increases the concentration of hydrogen ions when placed in water because it donates, or releases, H+ ions.

An alkali decreases the concentration of hydrogen ions when placed in water bc it accepts or combines with H+ ions.

When acids and alkalis are brought together, they neutralize each other.

Acids and Alkalis are substances that change the balance of hydrogen and hydroxide ions in water.

Acid Solution- a solution is acidic if it has more positive hydrogen ions than negative hydroxide ions.

Neutral Solution- when a solution has an equal number of positive and negative ions, it is neutral.

Alkaline Solution- A solution is alkaline if it has more negative hydroxide ions.

The pH Scale.

The scale ranger from 0 to 14. Seven is the midpoint, indicating a neutral substance.

PH values below 7 indicates more acidity. Higher concentration of H+ions than OH-.

PH values above 7 indicates more alkalinity. Higher concentration of OH-ions than H+ions.

The closer you get to 0, the stronger the acidity.

The closer you get to 14, the stronger the alkalinity

PH balanced refer to 4.5-5.5 healthy Hair, skin & nails

There are three main ways to measure pH: pH mater, Indicator liquid and indicator paper.

Blue litmus paper turns red in an acid.

Red litmus paper turns blue in an alkali.