U.S Test

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Questions and Answers from the Civil War Study Guide

1. Indian Removal Act:

  • Question: What was the Indian Removal Act?

  • Answer: Removed Native Americans to the other side of the Mississippi River.

2. Women’s Rights Movement:

  • Question: What started the women’s rights movement? Who were the leaders?

  • Answer: Elizabeth Stanton and Susan B. Anthony.

3. Frederick Douglass:

  • Question: Who was Frederick Douglass?

  • Answer: An African American abolitionist who was a slave.

4. Manifest Destiny:

  • Question: What is Manifest Destiny?

  • Answer: The U.S. was destined by God to go to the Pacific Ocean.

5. Mexican-American War:

  • Question: Why did Polk taunt Mexico into attacking first?

  • Answer: So he would have an excuse to go to war.

6. Missouri Compromise:

  • Question: What was the Missouri Compromise?

  • Answer: Entered Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state.

7. Compromise of 1850:

  • Question: What was the Compromise of 1850?

  • Answer: California becomes a free state, and the rest of the West would be divided into free or slave states based on popular vote.

8. Kansas-Nebraska Act:

  • Question: What was the Kansas-Nebraska Act?

  • Answer: Divided territory into Kansas and Nebraska and allowed for popular sovereignty to decide on slavery.

9. Dred Scott Decision:

  • Question: What was the Dred Scott decision?

  • Answer: Denied slaves or African Americans citizenship and declared slaves property.

10. John Brown:

  • Question: Who was John Brown, and why was he seen as a martyr by the Union?

  • Answer: He was against slavery, tried to spark an armed rebellion, and died for the cause of abolition.

11. Lincoln’s Election and Secession:

  • Question: Why did the South secede after Lincoln was elected?

  • Answer: The South felt their way of life (slavery) was threatened because Lincoln was a Republican.

12. Causes of the Civil War:

  • Question: What caused the Civil War?

  • Answer: Anti-slavery vs. slavery and the desire to reunite the Union.

13. Union vs. Confederacy:

  • Question: What advantages did the Union have over the Confederacy?

  • Answer: The Union had more people, resources, and an established government.

  • Question: What advantages did the Confederacy have over the Union?

  • Answer: The Confederacy had better soldiers.

14. Civil War Battles:

  • Fort Sumter: First shots fired, marking the start of the war.

  • Bull Run: First major battle; shattered the illusion of a short war.

  • Antietam: Bloodiest single-day battle in U.S. history with 22,000+ casualties.

  • Vicksburg: Gave the Union control of the Mississippi River, splitting the Confederacy.

  • Gettysburg: Turning point, Lee's invasion of the North failed.

  • Sherman’s March: Destroyed Southern infrastructure and economy.

  • Appomattox: Final surrender of General Lee to Union General Ulysses S. Grant.

15. Emancipation Proclamation:

  • Question: What did the Emancipation Proclamation do?

  • Answer: Freed enslaved people in Confederate states in rebellion against the Union.

16. Gettysburg Address:

  • Question: What was the Gettysburg Address?

  • Answer: A speech by Lincoln that redefined the Civil War as a fight for equality.

17. Reconstruction:

  • Question: How did Lincoln ease tensions during Reconstruction?

  • Answer: Lincoln promoted forgiveness and unity to bring the Union back together.

18. Tenure of Office Act:

  • Question: What was the Tenure of Office Act?

  • Answer: A law that restricted the President’s ability to remove officials without Senate approval.

19. President Johnson:

  • Question: How did President Johnson upset Northerners?

  • Answer: He opposed civil rights for freed African Americans and vetoed Reconstruction legislation.

20. Ku Klux Klan:

  • Question: What was the purpose of the Ku Klux Klan?

  • Answer: To intimidate and suppress African Americans from voting or gaining rights.

21. Sharecropping:

  • Question: How were former slaves tricked into working on plantations again?

  • Answer: Through sharecropping, black codes, and debt peonage.

  • Question: What was the impact of sharecropping on former slaves?

  • Answer: Trapped them in a cycle of debt and poverty under white landowners.

22. Voting Suppression:

  • Question: How were blacks prevented from voting?

  • Answer: Through literacy tests, grandfather clauses, and poll taxes.

23. Reconstruction Amendments:

  • 13th Amendment: Abolished slavery.

  • 14th Amendment: Granted citizenship and equal protection under the law.

  • 15th Amendment: Prohibited denial of voting rights based on race or color.

24. Military Reconstruction Act:

  • Question: What was the purpose of the Military Reconstruction Act?

  • Answer: Enforced Reconstruction by dividing the South into military districts.

25. Federal Government Improvements for African Americans:

  • Question: How did the federal government improve life for African Americans?

  • Answer: Abolished slavery, provided citizenship, and passed anti-discrimination laws.

26. End of Reconstruction:

  • Question: How did Reconstruction end?

  • Answer: With the Compromise of 1877, which resolved the disputed presidential election by withdrawing federal troops from the South.