Teaching vocabulary

Teaching Vocabulary

Categories of Words

  • Active Words: Frequently used words that should be practiced systematically.

  • Passive Words: Rarely used words not to be practiced in depth; can be briefly explained to encourage context usage or dictionary reference.

Important Tips

  • Focus on vocabulary closely related to students' environment and experiences.

  • Introduce new vocabulary in simple, familiar structures to manage complexity.

Techniques of Teaching Vocabulary

  • Visual Aids: Use realia, gestures, facial expressions, pictures, stick figures, and handmade drawings.

  • Contextualization: Present straightforward statements that provide context for vocabulary.

  • Definitions: Explain words using synonyms, antonyms, and paraphrasing, supplemented by showing objects or models.

  • Mind maps/Semantic maps/Spider diagrams: Utilize these tools for visual organization of vocabulary.

  • Dictionary Usage: Encourage students to consult dictionaries for deeper understanding.

  • Collocation: Teach combinations of words, e.g., verb + noun (e.g., "break a code").

Word Forms

  • Homophones: Same pronunciation, different meanings (e.g., two/too, pair/pear).

  • Idioms: Phrases with meanings not deducible from individual words.

Steps in Teaching Vocabulary

  1. Presentation: Create a link to the new word (e.g., ask, "What is this? What do we need it for?").

  2. Introduce the Word: Use the word in a model sentence.

  3. Isolate the Word: Focus on pronunciation.

  4. Repetition: Students repeat the word after the teacher.

  5. Model Sentence Repetition: Teacher uses and students repeat the model sentence.

Comprehension Check

  • Conducted through question/answer sessions, ensuring understanding of the new vocabulary.

  • Techniques for Checking Understanding: Concept questions, negative checking, extensions, and the use of VAS (Visual Aids).

Practice Stage

  • Create situations or provide cues for students to respond.

  • Exploitation/Production: Copying and writing activities.

  • At the end, have students write model sentences in their copybooks.