Halogens - Group VII Elements

Periodic Table of Elements

• The periodic table organizes elements based on their properties.

Group VII General Properties

• Also known as Halogens
• General properties

Group VII Physical Properties

• Elements include Fluorine (F₂), Chlorine (Cl₂), Bromine (Br₂), and Iodine (I₂).
  • Fluorine (F₂):
  • State at room temperature: Yellow gas.
  • Boiling point: -188 °C.
  • Chlorine (Cl₂):
  • State at room temperature: Green gas.
  • Boiling point: -35 °C.
  • Bromine (Br₂):
  • State at room temperature: Red liquid.
  • Boiling point: 59 °C.
  • Iodine (I₂):
  • State at room temperature: Black solid.
  • Boiling point: 184 °C.
  • Color gets deeper down the group.
  • Density increases down the group.
  • Boiling points increase down the group.

Trend of Group VII Properties

• State at room temperature changes down the group (gas, liquid, solid).
• Color gets deeper down the group.
• Density increases down the group.
• Boiling/melting point increases down the group.
• Reactivity decreases down the group.

Group VII Chemical Properties

Group VII Displacement Reaction:

• A more reactive halogen will displace a less reactive halogen from its salt.
• This is called a displacement reaction.
• Reactivity decreases down the group (More Reactive).

Group VII Displacement Reaction Examples

• Chlorine (Cl₂) reacts with potassium bromide (KBr) and potassium iodide (KI).
• Bromine (Br₂) reacts with potassium iodide (KI).
• Iodine (I₂) does not react with potassium chloride (KCl) or potassium bromide (KBr).

Multiple Choice Questions about Halogens

• Halogens are found near the right-hand side of the periodic table.
• Bromine is a brown liquid.
• The formula of iodine is I₂.
• Melting and boiling points increase as you go down Group 7.
• Given densities of Chlorine ($$3