Cell bio 2 questions
1. Which of the following is TRUE about most signaling molecules?
A) They are hydrophobic and can pass through the plasma membrane easily.
B) They are hydrophilic and bind to extracellular receptors.
C) They bind to intracellular receptors.
D) They are not involved in cell communication.
Answer: B) They are hydrophilic and bind to extracellular receptors.
2. What is the primary role of intracellular receptors?
A) To transport signaling molecules across the plasma membrane.
B) To bind small molecules that can diffuse through the membrane.
C) To prevent cell signaling.
D) To regulate cell division.
Answer: B) To bind small molecules that can diffuse through the membrane.
3. Which system in the body utilizes local communication through direct cell contact?
A) Digestive system
B) Nervous system
C) Immune system
D) Endocrine system
Answer: C) Immune system
4. Which of the following is NOT a function of water in cell biology?
A) It serves as an excellent solvent.
B) It has high surface tension and capillarity.
C) It regulates body temperature.
D) It is highly acidic, which promotes chemical reactions.
Answer: D) It is highly acidic, which promotes chemical reactions.
5. What property of water allows it to transport substances effectively?
A) Its low heat capacity.
B) Its ability to form hydrogen bonds, leading to high surface tension.
C) Its non-polarity.
D) Its ability to dissolve only non-polar substances.
Answer: B) Its ability to form hydrogen bonds, leading to high surface tension.
6. Which of the following is an example of diffusion?
A) The movement of water through a semipermeable membrane.
B) The movement of dissolved molecules from an area of high concentration to low concentration.
C) The movement of ions against a concentration gradient.
D) The movement of solutes through a semi-permeable membrane to bulk solvent.
Answer: B) The movement of dissolved molecules from an area of high concentration to low concentration.
7. What is osmosis?
A) The movement of water through a semipermeable membrane along a concentration gradient.
B) The movement of solutes through a semi-permeable membrane.
C) The movement of water from a low concentration to a high concentration.
D) The movement of particles in random directions due to heat energy.
Answer: A) The movement of water through a semipermeable membrane along a concentration gradient.
8. Which process involves the movement of solutes through a semi-permeable membrane from an area of high concentration to low concentration?
A) Diffusion
B) Osmosis
C) Dialysis
D) Active transport
Answer: C) Dialysis
1. How do most signaling molecules communicate with cells?
A) By crossing the plasma membrane and binding to intracellular receptors
B) By binding to cell surface receptors
C) By diffusing into the nucleus
D) By directly altering DNA transcription
Answer: B) By binding to cell surface receptors
2. Which of the following is true about intracellular receptors?
A) They respond to hydrophilic signaling molecules
B) They are located on the cell surface
C) They bind small molecules that can diffuse across the plasma membrane
D) They do not require signaling molecules to bind
Answer: C) They bind small molecules that can diffuse across the plasma membrane
3. Which of the following is an example of a local, contained response in cell communication?
A) Hormonal signaling in the bloodstream
B) Nerve signaling in the nervous system
C) Immune response in lungs
D) Signaling through extracellular matrix molecules
Answer: C) Immune response in lungs
4. What is the role of water in cell biology?
A) Water serves only as a solvent for metabolic waste products
B) Water dissolves substances, regulates temperature, and has high surface tension
C) Water is primarily used to store energy in cells
D) Water is not important in cell biology
Answer: B) Water dissolves substances, regulates temperature, and has high surface tension
5. Why is water considered an excellent solvent?
A) It is non-polar and cannot dissolve ionic compounds
B) It can dissolve a variety of substances in greater quantities than any other solvent due to its chemical nature
C) It only dissolves organic molecules
D) It does not dissolve substances at all
Answer: B) It can dissolve a variety of substances in greater quantities than any other solvent due to its chemical nature
6. What property of water helps in maintaining body temperature?
A) High heat of vaporization
B) High surface tension
C) High heat capacity
D) Its ability to form hydrogen bonds
Answer: C) High heat capacity
7. Which process involves the movement of water through a semi-permeable membrane?
A) Diffusion
B) Osmosis
C) Dialysis
D) Active transport
Answer: B) Osmosis
8. Which of the following is true about diffusion?
A) It requires energy input to move particles against a concentration gradient
B) It involves the movement of particles from an area of low concentration to high concentration
C) It is the movement of dissolved particles due to heat energy, from high to low concentration
D) It only applies to water molecules
Answer: C) It is the movement of dissolved particles due to heat energy, from high to low concentration
9. What happens during dialysis?
A) Solutes move from an area of low concentration to high concentration
B) Water moves through a semi-permeable membrane
C) Solutes move through a semi-permeable membrane to the bulk solvent from high concentration to low concentration
D) There is no movement of substances involved
Answer: C) Solutes move through a semi-permeable membrane to the bulk solvent from high concentration to low concentration
10. What characteristic of water allows it to serve as an effective transport medium in plants and animals?
A) Its ability to form covalent bonds
B) Its high surface tension and capillarity
C) Its ability to form hydrogen bonds with non-polar molecules
D) Its capacity to evaporate at low temperatures
Answer: B) Its high surface tension and capillarity