Criminal Justice

Notecard 1:

• Question: A murderer cannot be executed unless the state had a death penalty statute in place before their trial began.

• Answer: True

Notecard 2:

• Question: What is the intent to commit a crime called?

• Answer: Mens Rea

Notecard 3:

• Question: What are some justification defenses?

• Answer: Necessity

Notecard 4:

• Question: What law enforcement officer was appointed by feudal lords and whose title is still used today in England?

• Answer: Constable

Notecard 5:

• Question: Who established the first organized police force in 1829?

• Answer: Robert Peel

Notecard 6:

• Question: Where was the first metropolitan police force organized?

• Answer: London

Notecard 7:

• Question: What did the President’s Task Force on 21st Century Policing recommend?

• Answer: Clear and comprehensive policies regarding use of force

Notecard 8:

• Question: The core mission of the FBI is to enforce criminal laws of the USA.

• Answer: False

Notecard 9:

• Question: What department within police supports investigating charges of misconduct or corruption?

• Answer: Internal Affairs

Notecard 10:

• Question: In contrast with traditional policing, problem policing is more reactive.

• Answer: False

Notecard 11:

• Question: The more serious the crime, the more likely it is that detectives will solve it.

• Answer: True

Notecard 12:

• Question: What does proactive policing emphasize?

• Answer: Stopping crimes before they occur

Notecard 13:

• Question: All evidence obtained by unreasonable searches and seizures is inadmissible in criminal trials under what rule?

• Answer: Exclusionary Rule

Notecard 14:

• Question: What is the least serious type of force used by police?

• Answer: Verbal commands

Notecard 15:

• Question: The more support police officers receive in the workplace, the less stress and anxiety they feel.

• Answer: True

Notecard 16:

• Question: What does police discretion refer to?

• Answer: The ability of individual officers to make decisions in carrying out operations

Notecard 17:

• Question: The watchman style of policing emphasizes maintaining what?

• Answer: Public order

Notecard 18:

• Question: Martin is appealing his murder conviction, arguing his original counsel was ineffective. What must he demonstrate as part of the two-pronged test for effectiveness?

• Answer: His lawyer’s performance was so deficient that it eliminated the presence of counsel guaranteed by the 6th Amendment.

Notecard 19:

• Question: What courts have jurisdiction over misdemeanors and preliminary investigations of felony charges?

• Answer: Courts of general jurisdiction

Notecard 20:

• Question: What is a writ of certiorari?

• Answer: An order from a superior court to bring records of an inferior court for review or inspection

Notecard 21:

• Question: Are there almost no qualifications for federal judges?

• Answer: True

Notecard 22:

• Question: The criminal justice system is today’s instrument of social control.

• Answer: True

Notecard 23:

• Question: What are the three components of the criminal justice system?

• Answer: Police, courts, corrections

Notecard 24:

• Question: If a person is arrested, the prosecutor can still choose to pursue the case. What is this decision called?

• Answer: Nolle Prosequi

Notecard 25:

• Question: There is always justice under the law and everyone can expect to get their day in court.

• Answer: False

Notecard 26:

• Question: According to the consensus view of crime, what are behaviors that are essentially harmful to the majority of citizens and therefore controlled by?

• Answer: Criminal law

Notecard 27:

• Question: Crime and violence rates are out of control and getting worse every day.

• Answer: False

Notecard 28:

• Question: Crime rates are highest during which months?

• Answer: Summer

Notecard 29:

• Question: According to rational choice theory, what is crime a matter of?

• Answer: Logical decision making and personal choice

Notecard 30:

• Question: Can a person convicted or acquitted of a crime be sued for damages due to double jeopardy?

• Answer: False

Notecard 31:

• Question: What does it mean if a person is charged with a crime that is mala in se?

• Answer: They are charged with an act that is inherently evil and depraved.